Nutrtional Content Of The Main Commodity Groups

Question 1

Bread, Rice, Potatoes, Pasta, and Other Starchy Foods

Answer 1

These foods are high in carbohydrates, particularly starch, which provides a slow-release source of energy.
• Nutritional Content:
• Carbohydrates – Primary source of energy.
• Fibre – Found in wholegrain varieties, aids digestion.
• B vitamins – Important for energy production.
• Some minerals – Small amounts of iron and calcium.
• Examples:
• Bread, rice, pasta, potatoes, cereals, couscous, noodles.

Question 2

Fruit and Vegetables

Answer 2

Fruit and vegetables provide essential vitamins, minerals, and fibre.
• Nutritional Content:
• Vitamins – High in vitamin C (citrus fruits, peppers, strawberries) and vitamin A (carrots, spinach, sweet potatoes).
• Fibre – Aids digestion and prevents constipation.
• Antioxidants – Help protect cells from damage.
• Low in fat – Naturally healthy and hydrating.
• Examples:
• Apples, bananas, berries, citrus fruits, tomatoes, carrots, broccoli, spinach, sweetcorn.

Question 3

Milk and Dairy Foods

Answer 3

Dairy foods are a major source of calcium, essential for bone and teeth health.
• Nutritional Content:
• Calcium – Strengthens bones and teeth.
• Protein – Needed for growth and repair.
• Vitamins A, D, and B12 – Essential for immune function, vision, and energy production.
• Fat (Varies by Type) – Whole milk and cheese contain saturated fat, while low-fat options are available.
• Examples:
• Milk, cheese, yogurt, butter, cream.

Question 4

Meat, Fish, Eggs, Beans, and Other Non-Dairy Sources of Protein

Answer 4

These foods are essential for growth, repair, and body function.
• Nutritional Content:
• Protein – Essential for muscle and tissue repair.
• Iron (Red Meat and Poultry) – Prevents anaemia.
• Omega-3 Fatty Acids (Oily Fish) – Supports brain and heart health.
• B Vitamins (Meat, Fish, Eggs) – Important for metabolism and energy production.
• Fibre (Beans and Pulses) – Supports digestion.
• Examples:
• Meat (chicken, beef, lamb, pork), fish (salmon, tuna, mackerel), eggs, beans, lentils, tofu, nuts.

Question 5

Foods and Drinks High in Fat and/or Sugar

Answer 5

These foods should be consumed in moderation as they provide energy but little nutritional benefit.
• Nutritional Content:
• Fat (Saturated and Unsaturated) – Provides energy; excess intake can lead to weight gain and heart disease.
• Sugar (Simple Carbohydrates) – Provides quick energy but increases the risk of tooth decay and obesity.
• Salt (Processed Foods) – High levels can contribute to high blood pressure.
• Examples:
• Cakes, biscuits, chocolate, sweets, crisps, soft drinks, butter, fried foods.