‘Nutritional or Metabolic’ Bone Disease

Question 1

calcium deficient animal

Answer 1

calcium essential for neuro-muscular function
Serum levels highly protected
Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 robbed to protect serum calcium

Question 2

Secondary Nutritional Hyperparathyroidism

Answer 2

Low dietary calcium
High PTH levels
Serum calcium is often protected
Bones malformed or poorly formed
Normally a problem in growing animal

Question 3

Vitamin D deficiency

Answer 3

v.rare in animals
Juvenile – Rickets
Adult - Osteopaenia

Question 4

Secondary Renal Hyperparathyroidism

Answer 4

Chronic renal failure (normally adult)
decr activation of vitamin D
Lowered phosphate excretion - decr serum Ca
incr PTH drive + effects on bones

Question 5

Metabolic bone disease of reptiles and chelonians

Answer 5

Low dietary availability of calcium

decr activation or availability of vitamin D

Question 6

Metabolic bone disease of reptiles and chelonians - presentation

Answer 6

Lethargy
abnormal posture
Joint swelling, limb swelling, muscular tone and
atrophy

Question 7

Metabolic bone disease of reptiles and chelonians - diagnosis

Answer 7

joints limbs and spine, egg binding, spontaneous fractures

Bloods - low Ca

Question 8

Metabolic bone disease of reptiles and chelonians - treatment

Answer 8

Ca gluconate, dietry adjustment
UV light, and or direct sunlight
Monitor blood Ca

Question 9

other diseases often referred to as “metabolic” bone diseases

Answer 9

Calcinosis circumscripta
Craniomandibular osteopathy
Metaphyseal osteopathy/Hypertrophic osteodystrophy (HOD)
Panosteitis
Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy