Laminitis Flashcards
laminitis - define
failure of the attachment of the epidermal cells of the epidermal (insensitive) laminae to the underlying basement membrane of the dermal (sensitive) laminae
2 types
rotation
sinking
risk factors
diseases characterised by sepsis and systemic inflammation endocrine disorders mechanical overload access to pasture
Predisposition to Laminitis
Pony, Spring and summer, Female.Increasing age, Obesity Recent increase in body weight Recent new access to grass Incr time since worming Insulin resistance
Pathogenesis - 3 stages
Developmental
Acute laminitis
Resolution or chronic laminitis
role of infl
questioned because of the minimal neutrophil infiltration present histologically
infl changes seen during laminitis
systemic infl initiates lamellar infl events
ECM Degradation
ECM responsible for several processes in the foot which can’t function properly without proper ECM structure
Laminar separation d/t infl +/or hypoxic cellular injury
Metabolic disease
d/t metabolic phenotype
exacerbation of IR by increased CHO consumption
Vascular and endothelial dysfunction
digital venoconstriction +laminar oedema
Venoconstriction may be caused by platelet
activation + platelet-neutrophil - release of the vasoactive mediator 5-HT
Amines from hindgut fermentation of CHO are vasoactive
diagnosis
Clinical signs
+/- Radiography
+/- Endocrine tests
clinical signs
lameness affecting two or more limbs
characteristic stance
bounding digital pulses
incr hoof wall temperature
pain on hoof tester pressure at the region of the point of the frog
palpable depression at the coronary band.
radiography
May take at first presentation if concerned P3 moved Depression at coronary band Softening of sole at point of frog can be difficult if painful Pedal bone rotation Founder distance
Endocrine Tests - PPID
Dex suppression test
TRH Stim Test
Endocrine Tests - EMS
Demonstration of IR
Fasting insulin and glucose
Dynamic test
analgesia
NSAIDs
opiates
