Nutritional Needs through Life Flashcards
What does DNA synthesis and transfer of methyl groups depend on in sperm?
Folate
Do male and female nutrition affect fertility?
Yes
What kinds of things of a woman’s nutrition can impact early infant health?
Healthy body weight, balanced diet, physical activity, regular medical care, management of chronic conditions, avoidance of harmful substances
What is a critical period?
Time of rapid cell division and intense development
What happens if there is damage during a critical period?
Full recovery is not possible
Which critical period is extremely important but can occur before the woman knows she pregnant?
Neural tube development (17-30 days gestation)
What is the effect of folate on the developing neural tube?
The closure of the neural tube is effected
What else is folate known as?
Folic acid or Vitamin B9
How can maternal malnutrition alter fetal blood pressure?
Can stunt fetal blood vessel growth in a way that becomes a risk factor for cardiovascular disease
What risks in giving birth are associated with underweight mothers?
Low weight birth infant, preterm birth, infant death
What risks in giving birth are associated with overweight mothers?
Hypertension, gestational diabetes, labor and delivery complications in the mother
High weight birth infant, post-term birth, birth trauma, birth defects, poor infant health, infant death
What is the normal weight gain in the first trimester of pregnancy and then how much should be gained every week after?
3.5 lbs in first term
1 lb a week after that
What can you eat to make a baby smart?
Omega 3s (DHA)
In the first half of pregnancy, what is the metabolic activity like?
Anabolic, building the capacity of the mother to deliver large quantities of nutrients to fetus
In the second half of pregnancy, what is the metabolic activity like?
Catabolic, delivering energy and nutrients to the fetus predominates
