Nutrition SAC

Question 1

Life expectancy

Answer 1

An indication of how long a person can expect to live at a given time if death rates do not change.

Question 2

Physical health and wellbeing

Answer 2

relates to the functioning of the body and its systems; it includes the physical capacity to perform daily activities and tasks.

-a healthy body weight

-a strong immune system

-adequate energy levels

-well functioning body systems & organs.

Question 3

Food source

Answer 3

The product or source where a nutrient is obtained.

Question 4

Nutrient

Answer 4

A chemical or substance that is used by living things to build tissue or provide energy in order to assist in growth or to keep the organism alive.

Question 5

Macronutrient + examples

Answer 5

A nutrient consumed in large amounts.

-Protein

-Lipids/fats

-Carbohydrates (including fibre) (CHO)

Question 6

Micronutrient + examples

Answer 6

A nutrient consumed in small amounts.

-Vitamins (Vit A)

-Minerals (Iron)

Question 7

What are some examples of foods rich in antioxidants?

Answer 7

Red, purple, orange vegetables (Eggplant, grapes, berries)

Question 8

What is the main function of antioxidants in the body?

Answer 8

Destroys free radicals in your body, prevents cancer and heart disease

Question 9

What are some major food sources of iron?

Answer 9

Brown rice, red meat, nuts, eggs, fish, green leafy veggies

Question 10

What is the function of iron in the body?

Answer 10

Production of red blood cells, carrying oxygen to all parts of the body

Question 11

What are some major food sources of calcium?

Answer 11

Milk, Almonds, Spinach, Cheese, Yoghurt

Question 12

What functions does calcium serve in the body?

Answer 12

Promotes strong bones, assists in nerve messages in the brain, promotes strong teeth, reduces risk of osteoporosis.

Question 13

What are some examples of foods high in fiber?

Answer 13

Apples, Berries, Bananas, Brown rice, Sweet potatoes

Question 14

What are the functions of fiber in the body?

Answer 14

Promotes regular bowel movements, adds bulk to faeces, supports good gut health, and provides a feeling of fullness (satiety).

Question 15

Describe cholesterol

Answer 15

A fat-like substance made by your liver. Comes from the food we eat too.

Question 16

What are LDLs?

Answer 16

(low density lipoprotein) A bad type of cholesterol that creates plaque build up in arteries. Reduces blood flow and increases risk of heart attack.

Question 17

What are HDLs?

Answer 17

(high density lipoprotein) A good type of cholesterol that removes plaque and removes excess cholesterol, returning it to your liver.

Question 18

Describe the Healthy Eating Pyramid

Answer 18

*The shape is a pyramid divided into three layers.

—› Foundation layer: Fruit, Vegetables and legumes, grains. (70%)

—› Middle layer: Milk, cheese, yoghurt, alternatives, lean meats, poultry, fish, legumes and seeds. (25%)

—› Top layer: Healthy fats/oils. (5%)

*Top left corner: salt shaker + sugar tsp with a red cross.

*Bottom right, cup of water with a green tick.

*Bottom left, herbs and spices.

Question 19

How can the HEP be used to ensure adequate levels of Iron are consumed by youth?

Answer 19

Iron is found in food groups such as lean meats, poultry and vegetables. The lean meats are found in the middle layer, with vegetables and legumes in the foundation layer.

Question 20

How can the HEP be used to ensure adequate levels of Fibre are consumed by youth?

Answer 20

Fibre is found in grains, fruits and vegetables. The HEP shows all these food groups in the foundation layer, displaying food sources such as apples, banana, grains, colourful vegetables.

Question 21

How can the HEP be used to ensure adequate levels of Calcium are consumed by youth?

Answer 21

Calcium is found in milk and vegetables. The HEP displays dairy foods such as milk, cheese and yoghurt, in the middle layer of the HEP. The vegetable food sources such as dark green leafy vegetables are found in the foundation layer.

Question 22

How are websites a source of nutritional information?

Answer 22

There is a lot of nutritional information, but you need to be careful with used trusted and credited websites.

Trustworthy websites:

• .org
• .gov
• .edu

Question 23

How are Dietitians and Nutritionists a source of nutritional information?

Answer 23

They both have tertiary qualifications, but nutritionists are only qualified to give nutrition advice. Dietitians can give specific meal plans and treatments. Nutritionists work alongside dietitians in hospitals.

Question 24

What is the Health Star Rating System?

Answer 24

An optional front-of-pack labelling using stars to display the nutritional information of packaged foods. Assigns a rating from 1/2 a star to 5 stars. The more stars, the healthier the rating.

Question 25

Protective nutrients

Answer 25

*Dietary fibre

*Protein

*The proportion of fruit and veg, nut and legume content.

Question 26

Risk nutrients

Answer 26

*Saturated fat

*Sodium (salt)

*Sugars

*Linked to increase in obesity.

Question 27

Product Placement

Answer 27

An advertising technique used by food and drink companies to subtly promote products through media. It is smart as it’s not like a pop-up ad, which disturbs the viewer.

E.g.: American Idol. Putting coke cups on display in front of celebrity judges.

Question 28

Social bloggers/Influencers

Answer 28

Influencers are given sponsors, and they recommend products to their followers. Their many fans want to follow them and eat what they do.

E.g. Kim K recommending a diet program. Her fans will believe they’ll achieve her body, and buy the diet program. But this marketing strategy is biased and untrustworthy.