Nutrition Review Test 2 Flashcards
Any research article on diet and nutrition should be scrutinized for which of the following?
a. Resources and volume
b. Recall and verbiage
c. Reliability and validity
d. References and values
c. Reliability and validity
To ensure the client is retaining any shared information, it is important that the content presented is highly relevant and what other quality?
a. Brief
b. Visual
c. Practical
d. Pertinent
c. Practical
Common assessments performed by a Nutrition Coach include height, weight, body composition, and what other test?
a. SCOFF test
b. Blood pressure
c. Hydrostatic weighing
d. Anthropometric measurements
d. Anthropometric measurements
A client has several relatives who have recently been diagnosed with cancer. She has been reading many books about natural health and is interested in taking herbal supplements that will help prevent cancer. What is the best course of action?
a. Tell her to follow the guidelines of the books she reads.
b. Tell her to save her money and stay away from herbal remedies.
c. Refer her to a pharmacist or her physician.
d. Visit a health food store together.
c. Refer her to a pharmacist or her physician.
A new client is 6-weeks postpartum. She states that she has very little energy and feels sadness most of the time. What is the most appropriate course of action?
a. Closely monitor her situation.
b. Contact her spouse to discuss options.
c. Call 911.
d. Refer her to a clinical psychiatrist.
d. Refer her to a clinical psychiatrist.
A scientist observes that people tend to perform better in a weight training session after consuming a pre-workout supplement. The scientist proposes that the caffeine in the supplement is increasing arousal, leading to increased performance. Which term best describes this scientist’s proposal?
a. Conclusion
b. Theory
c. Hypothesis
d. Prediction
c. Hypothesis
A scientist proposes that sugar is inherently fattening, independent of its calorie content. If that proposal is true, then that would mean that high sugar diets should increase fat gain independent of the calorie content. What term describes this potential consequence?
a. Conclusion
b. Theory
c. Hypothesis
d. Prediction
d. Prediction
Which of the following represents a critical evaluation of a study by other scientists?
a. Systematic review
b. Peer review
c. Scientific method
d. Narrative review
b. Peer review
Scientist gather 20 studies looking at the relationship between protein intake and lean body mass, and then they statistically analyze them together as a group. What type of study is this?
a. Narrative review
b. Meta-analysis
c. Randomized controlled trials
d. Observational research
b. Meta-analysis
An important factor impacting satiety includes which of the following?
a. Location
b. Affordability
c. Hunger
d. Palatability
d. Palatability
Communicable diseases are which of the following?
a. Genetic and inherited from birth
b. Caused by smoking and unhealthy lifestyle habits
c. Passed from person to person
d. Due to poor nutrition choices
c. Passed from person to person
Intellectual wellness implies which of the following?
a. Constant learning
b. Superior knowledge
c. High IQ
d. Lack of knowledge
a. Constant learning
Which of the following is true about the link between type-2 diabetes and diet?
a. It is proven and no longer studied.
b. It is not known.
c. They have a very strong connection.
d. The link between them is weak.
c. They have a very strong connection.
Which of the following is best defined as the energy accounted for during non-sustained exercise or activity?
a. Near resting energy thermogenesis (NRET)
b. Resting energy activity thermogenesis (REAT)
c. Non-energy burning thermogenesis (NEBT)
d. Non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT)
d. Non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT)
What foods tend to have a higher thermic response than others?
a. High-protein foods
b. Low-carbohydrate foods
c. High-fat foods
d. Low-protein foods
a. High-protein foods
During the first few seconds of exercise, regardless of intensity, what system is primarily utilized?
a. Krebs cycle
b. ATP – PC system
c. Aerobic glycolysis
d. Anaerobic glycolysis
b. ATP – PC system
The increase in energy expenditure after consuming a meal is referred to as which of the following?
a. Thermic effect of food (TEF)
b. Thermic affect of activity (TEA)
c. Non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT)
d. Resting metabolic rate (RMR)
a. Thermic effect of food (TEF)
How do proteins and amino acids influence body pH?
a. They are only basic and increase body pH.
b. They are only acidic and decrease body pH.
c. They do nothing to influence body pH.
d. They act as buffers to maintain neutral pH.
d. They act as buffers to maintain neutral pH.
How many essential amino acids are there?
a. 8
b. 20
c. 10
d. 9
d. 9
For an individual engaged in light aerobic exercise 2 - 3 days per week, what would be the most optimal protein prescription?
a. 2.0 g/kg body weight
b. 0.8 g/kg body weight
c. 3.0 g/kg body weight
d. 1.4 g/kg body weight
d. 1.4 g/kg body weight
Does the Dietary Guidelines for Americans adjust RDAs according to a persons activity level?
a. No, they are only based on body size.
b. Yes, the recommendations are adjusted based on activity level, weight, height, and goal.
c. No, they are only based on body volume.
d. Yes, they are adjusted based on activity level alone.
a. No, they are only based on body size.
What is the main protein involved in regulating fluid balance?
a. Leucine
b. Albumin
c. Human growth hormone
d. Hemoglobin
b. Albumin
What is the current daily fiber intake recommendation for men in the U.S.?
a. 18 grams of fiber daily
b. 38 grams of fiber daily
c. 10 grams of fiber daily
d. 25 grams of fiber daily
b. 38 grams of fiber daily
What factor can raise a foods GI score?
a. Cooking and reheating a complex carbohydrate
b. The presence of fiber in the food
c. The presence of fat in the food
d. Ingesting food in a liquid state
d. Ingesting food in a liquid state
Which two monosaccharides combine to make lactose?
a. Glucose and galactose
b. Glucose and fructose
c. Glucose and maltose
d. Glucose and glucose
a. Glucose and galactose
The United States consumes more sugar than any other country in the world. From the options provided, what food category represents the largest source of sugar intake in the U.S. diet?
a. Fruit
b. Dairy
c. Snacks and sweets
d. Beverages
d. Beverages
What disease associated with large intakes of fructose in inactive people has recently gained more attention as a health concern?
a. Cirrhosis
b. Hypertriglyridemia
c. Non-alcoholic liver disease
d. Hyperinsulemia
c. Non-alcoholic liver disease
What is a valid health reason for recommending a variety of protein sources such as nuts and seeds?
a. They are low in fat.
b. They are low in unsaturated fats.
c. They are high in essential fatty acids.
d. They are high in LDL cholesterol.
c. They are high in essential fatty acids.
Joe is on a 3500 kcals per day eating plan. Based on the AMDR guidelines, what is the BEST range of calories for fat intake for him?
a. 700 - 1225 kcals
b. 350 - 650 kcals
c. 1250 - 1350 kcals
d. 1400 - 1525 kcals
a. 700 - 1225 kcals
What is the definition of saturated fat?
a. Saturated fats are fatty acids that have maximum number of hydrogen molecules and contain only a single bond between the carbon atoms.
b. Saturated fat is fatty acid that is manufactured when hydrogen is added to liquid vegetable oil.
c. Saturated fats are fatty acids that have two or more double bonds between carbon atoms.
d. Saturated fats are fatty acids that cannot be synthesized in the body, or not an adequate amounts.
a. Saturated fats are fatty acids that have maximum number of hydrogen molecules and contain only a single bond between the carbon atoms.
What is the function of low-density lipoproteins?
a. Transportation of cholesterol to the small intestine
b. Transportation of enzymes to the pancreas
c. Transportation of bile to the gallbladder
d. Transportation of cholesterol to cells of the body
d. Transportation of cholesterol to cells of the body
Why is it easy for the average person to meet the adequate intake for omega-6 fatty acids?
a. Food sources, such as apples, bananas, and pears, are readily available.
b. Food sources, such as salmon, herring, and crab, are readily available.
c. Food sources, such as flaxseed oil, chia seeds, and flaxseeds, are readily available.
d. Food sources, such as corn chips and microwave popcorn, are readily available.
d. Food sources, such as corn chips and microwave popcorn, are readily available.
What is the risk associated with drinking alcohol in cold environments?
a. Hypothermia
b. Hyperhydration
c. Dehydration
d. Hyperthermia
a. Hypothermia
How much alcohol is recommended for pregnant females and individuals planning on driving?
a. Zero alcohol
b. 1 standard drink
c. 2 standard drinks
d. 3 standard drinks
a. Zero alcohol
For males, levels of ethanol consumption are closely associated with what?
a. Improved muscle mass
b. Excess belly fat
c. High lean body mass
d. Low body mass index
b. Excess belly fat
After consuming alcohol, how much of the absorbed ethanol is metabolized in the liver?
a. 0.8
b. 1
c. 0.7
d. 0.9
d. 0.9
What is the common name for vitamin B3?
a. Riboflavin
b. Thiamine
c. Niacin
d. Folate
c. Niacin
In which of the following key processes is chromium involved?
a. Insulin signaling
b. Heart rate
c. Blood pressure
d. Nerve conduction
a. Insulin signaling
What is the common name for vitamin B2?
a. Pantothenic acid
b. Thiamine
c. Riboflavin
d. Folic acid
c. Riboflavin
Iron deficiency is the primary cause of which of the following conditions?
a. Anemia
b. Hemophilia
c. Hypertension
d. Sickle cell
a. Anemia