Nutrition/Plant Nutrition

Question 1

How is the energy found in food determined?

Answer 1

By burning a sample of the food and measuring the amount of heat given off.

Question 2

Calorie

Answer 2

Unit used in measuring energy content of food.

Question 3

Calorimeter

Answer 3

Instrument used to measure energy content of food sample

Question 4

Kilocalorie

Answer 4

Thousand calories

Question 5

Calorie definition

Answer 5

Amount of heat needed to raise one gram of water one degree C

Question 6

How many KCal does a gram of carbohydrates and a gram of protein give off?

Answer 6

4

Question 7

How many KCal does one gram of fat give off?

Answer 7

9

Question 8

Nutrients

Answer 8

Necessary for growth, energy, repair, and maintenance

Question 9

Autotroph

Answer 9

Make their own food

Question 10

How do plants eat?

Answer 10

They are autotrophic thru the process of photosynthesis

Question 11

Photosynthesis equation

Answer 11

6CO2 + 6H2O –> C6H12O6 + 6O2 Light

Question 12

How does photosynthesis work?

Answer 12

It uses energy from the sun to convert water and CO2 into sugar and oxygen

Question 13

How do plants capture light energy?

Answer 13

Chlorophyll

Question 14

Chlorophyll

Answer 14

Main pigment in plant

Question 15

Pigment

Answer 15

A substance that absorbs specific wavelengths of light, or colors, and reflects other colors

Question 16

What colors does chlorophyll absorb?

Answer 16

It absorbs light well in the red and blue but not in the green region, which is why plants are green

Question 17

Chloroplast

Answer 17

Organlle contained in the leaves and green stems of plants in which photosynthesis occurs

Question 18

Where is chlorophyll found?

Answer 18

Chloroplast

Question 19

Thylakoids

Answer 19

Saclike membranes in chloroplast

Question 20

How are thylakoids arranged?

Answer 20

In stacks called grana

Question 21

Stroma

Answer 21

Watery area outside of the thylakoids

Question 22

Two stages of photosynthesis

Answer 22

Light dependent reactions and light independent reaction

Question 23

Light dependent reactions

Answer 23

Light + H2O–>O2+ NADPH + ATP

Question 24

Purpose of light dependent reactions

Answer 24

Capture energy from light and form molecules to hold the energy

Question 25

Where does light dependent reactions take place?

Answer 25

Takes place within the thylakoids

Question 26

What absorbs the light in the light dependent reactions?

Answer 26

Chlorophyll

Question 27

What happens to the energy from the light in light dependent reactions?

Answer 27

It is transferred to electrons, which are transferred to energy storage molecules-NADPH and ATP

Question 28

NADPH

Answer 28

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate

Question 29

ATP

Answer 29

Adenosine triphospate

Question 30

In the light dependent reactions, what is the oxygen?

Answer 30

Released as a waste product

Question 31

What happens to the water in the light dependent reactions?

Answer 31

It is broken down and the electrons replace the electrons from chlorophyll that got energized.

Question 32

Light independent reaction

Answer 32

CO2+ATP+NADPH--->glucose

Question 33

Another name for Light independent reaction

Answer 33

Calvin cycle/carbon fixation

Question 34

In Light independent reaction, what are ATP and NADPH used to build? Why?

Answer 34

High energy compounds like glucose that can be stored for a long time bc they are not stable to store energy

Question 35

Where does the Light independent reaction take place?

Answer 35

The stroma of chloroplasts

Question 36

What happens in the Light independent reaction to the energy storing molecules?

Answer 36

ATP and NADPH are broken down, and the energy from those molecules is used to build a glucose molecule.

Question 37

What happens to the glucose of the light independent reaction?

Answer 37

Used immediately as an energy source thru digestion or built up to form starch-long term storage.

Question 38

Digestion

Answer 38

Changing food into a usable form by breaking bonds

Question 39

Absorption

Answer 39

Nutrient molecules pass through cell membrane in order to be used by the cells of an organism

Question 40

Intracellular

Answer 40

Takes place in the cell

Question 41

What happens in the light independent reaction to CO2?

Answer 41

CO2 is taken in from the air and combined w other carbon compounds already found in the stroma.