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*NUR 170 Exam 4 > Nutrition Labs Worksheet > Flashcards

Nutrition Labs Worksheet Flashcards

0
Q

Oxygen carrying protein of RBCs

A

HGB (hemoglobin)

Measures O2 and iron carrying capacity of blood.

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1
Q

Low serum ___________ indicates prolonged protein depletion.

A

Albumin

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2
Q

Volume of RBCs, measures of plasma protein

A

HCT (hematocrit)

Reflects pts iron status

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3
Q

Breakdown product of amino acids

A

Urea

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4
Q

A protein that binds and carries iron from the intestine through the serum and has a shorter half-life than albumin (8 to 9 days), so it responds more quickly in protein depletion

A

Transferrin

  • Can be measured directly or by a total iron binding capacity (TIBC) test, which indicates the amount of iron in the blood available to bind to transferrin
  • Low serum transferrin levels indicate protein loss, iron deficiency, anemia, pregnancy, hepatitis, or liver dysfunction
  • Increased serum transferrin levels indicates iron deficiency anemia
  • Prealbumin or thyroxine- binding albumin - short term nutritional status
  • Short half life and smallest body pool, so shows changes in nutritional status more quickly
  • should be measured twice a week
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5
Q

Normal Prealbumin level

A

15-35 mg/dl

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6
Q

Prealbumin level below 15

A

Client at risk for malnutrition

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7
Q

Altered liver function, hydration status, and losses from open wounds or burns can also impact __________ levels.

A

Albumin

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8
Q

Prealbumin level below 11

A

Indicates a need for aggressive nutritional interventions

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9
Q

Low serum ____________ levels can indicate protein loss, iron deficiency, anemia, pregnancy, hepatitis, or liver dysfunction.

A

Transferrin

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10
Q

What does a Total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) test measure?

A

Indicates the amount of iron in the blood available to bind to transferrin.

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11
Q

A measure of pts protein status - nutritional status over the past few weeks

A

Albumin

  • One of the most common visceral proteins evaluated but albumin levels change slowly because it is not broken down quickly (half-life of 18 to 20 days)
  • Low serum albumin indicates prolonged protein depletion
  • Altered liver function, hydration status, and losses from open wounds or burns can also impact albumin levels
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13
Q

Increased Tranferrin level indicates __________ _________ __________.

A

Iron deficiency anemia

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14
Q

Chief end product of amino acid metabolism and directly reflects the intake and breakdown of dietary protein, rate of urea production in the liver and rate of urea removed by kidneys

A

Urea levels

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15
Q

Measures protein catabolism and the state of nitrogen balance

A

Urinary urea nitrogen and urinary creatinine

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16
Q

Measures protein metabolism including urine creatinine excretion and urine urea nitrogen.

A

24 hour urine

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16
Q

What urinary level reflects a person’s total muscle mass?

A

Urinary creatinine because creatinine is the chief end product of the creatinine produced when energy is released during skeletal muscle metabolisms

17
Q

Rate of ___________ formation is directly proportional to the total muscle atrophies during malnutrition - _____________ excretion is decreased.

A

Creatinine

18
Q

A ___________ nitrogen balance exist when output exceeds intake.

A

Positive

Nitrogen balance is determined by comparing nitrogen intake to nitrogen output over a 24 hour period.

19
Q

Which urinary test decreases as protein depletion occurs?

A

Total lymphocyte count

20
Q

What factors could cause an increased BUN?

A

Excess protein, dehydration, malnutrition, starvation, excessive protein intake, and kidney disease.

22
Q

What factors could cause a decrease in BUN levels?

A

Decreased BUN results from low protein rich foods

23
Q

Normal HGB level

A

12-15 g/100 mL

25
Q

Breakdown product of amino acids

A

Urea

27
Q

True or false: There is a single lab that indicates malnutrition. If true, which lab?

A

False, there is no single lab that indicates malnutrition, instead look at labs together and look at trends.

28
Q

What is a normal BUN level?

A

9 - 20

29
Q

What is a normal creatinine level?

A

0.8 - 1.5

30
Q

During skeletal muscle metabolism, ____________ is released at rate proportional to total body mass. 24 hour urine is done to measure total amount of _____________ excreted by kidneys.

A

Creatinine

In malnutrition, it is decreased as a result of muscle atrophy.

31
Q

What is a normal transferrin level?

A

250 - 425

32
Q

A blood protein in combination with iron, is used to transport iron throughout the body to all cells. It is responsive to iron stores, increasing when iron stores are low and decreasing when they are high.

A

Transferrin

Levels should be assessed to identify iron stores that provide info on visceral body protein.

33
Q

Synthesized in the liver from amino acids; plays roll in fluid and electrolyte balance and transport of nutrients, hormones, and drugs.

A

Albumin

34
Q

____________ levels are good indicators of nutritional status, however it has a long half-life and fluctuates according to level of hydration, so not a good indicator of acute changes in protein status. The body stores and maintains normal levels until chronic malnutrition occurs.

A

Albumin

35
Q

______________ is a more sensitive indicator of malnutrition then albumin because it responds to short-term changes in proteins stores.

A

Prealbumin level

36
Q

Which lab test is a Nitrogen balance study that indicates degree to which protein is being depleted or replaced?

A

BUN

37
Q

___________ increases with excess protein, dehydration, malnutrition, starvation, excessive protein intake, and kidney disease.

A

BUN

38
Q

A decreased Hgb below normal levels indicates what?

A

Anemia or blood loss

39
Q

Normal albumin level

A

3.5 g/dl

40
Q

An albumin level between 2.8 - 3.4 shows

A

Mild protein depletion

41
Q

An albumin level between 2.1 - 2.7 shows

A

Moderate protein depletion

42
Q

An albumin level <2.1 indicates

A

Severe protein depletion

43
Q

What is a TLC level?

A

Another test to measure protein depletion. Protein deficiency may cause depression in immune system, with resultant decrease in TLC.

Can occur with debilitating disease such as cancer.

*NUR 170 Exam 4 (7 decks)

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