Normal Sleep Flashcards
Anything less then _____ minutes to fall asleep at night means your sleep deprived. The ideal time is between _____ and ______ minutes.
Anything less than 5 minutes / and between 10 and 15 minutes
Unfamiliar noise and noise during what time frame, can have the greatest disruptive effect on the sleep cycle?
During the first and last two hours of sleep
Exposure to noise at night can suppress __________ function even if the sleeper doesn’t wake.
immune
Daily cycles in many of our physiological functions and activities such as sleep, body temperature, alertness, neurotransmitter levels, etc.
Circadian Rhythms (biological rhythms)
They are controlled within the body and are synchronized with environmental factors such as light and darkness.
If a patient is in a very light sleep, lasts only a few minutes, feels drowsy and relaxed, eyes roll side to side, heart and respiratory rate decreased slightly, is easily awakened, or patient may deny they were sleeping… What stage of sleep are they in?
Stage I
Approximated 75 to 80% of sleep is __________. Which occurs when activity in the RAS (reticular activating system) is inhibited.
NREM sleep
Which is divided into four stages associated with distinct brain activity and physiology.
What characterizes stage 1 NREM sleep?
Very light sleep, lasts only a few minutes, feel drowsy and relaxed, eyes roll side to side, heart and respiratory rate decreased slightly, easily awakened, patient may deny they were sleeping
In which stage of sleep is snoring most likely to occur?
Stage 3 and 4
REM sleep usually recurs about every _____ minutes and lasts __________ minutes.
REM sleep usually recurs about every 90 minutes and last 5-30 minutes.
If a patient’s heart rate and respiratory rate dropped 20 to 30% below their waking hour norm, which stage of sleep would this be a normal occurrence?
Stage 3 and 4
Characteristics of REM sleep
- Reoccurs every 90 minutes and last 5 to 30 minutes
- Stage where most dreaming occurs, but typically not remembered unless awakened at end of REM period
- Brain is highly active and is thought to be stimulated during this time, brain metabolism main crease as much as 20%
- Distinctive eye movements occur, voluntary muscle tone is markedly decreased, deep tendon reflexes are absent
- HR and RR are irregular
- Difficult to arouse
What are the characteristics of stage III and stage IV sleep?
Deepest stage of sleep, differ only in percentage of delta waves recorded in 30 second period, heart rate and respiratory rate drop 20 to 30% below waking hour norms, difficult to arouse, not disturbed by sensory stimuli, skeletal muscles are relaxed and reflexes are diminished, snoring is most likely to occur, essential for restoring energy and releasing important growth hormones.
Which stage constitutes 45 to 55% of total sleep?
Stage II
The average adult usually experiences ___ to ___ cycles during 7-8 hours of sleep.
4 to 6
What characterizes stage II sleep?
Where body processes continue to slow, eyes are generally still, heart and respiratory rate decreases slightly and body temperature falls, constitutes 45 to 55% of total sleep, to awaken, needs more stimuli than stage I
In which stage of sleep is someone not disturbed by sensory stimuli?
Stage 3 and 4
In what stage of sleep do distinctive eye movements occur, voluntary muscle tone is markedly decreased, and deep tendon reflexes are absent?
REM sleep
In which stage of sleep does the most dreaming occur?
REM sleep stage, but typically not remembered unless awakened at end of REM period
What are the two types of sleep?
NREM (non-rapid-eye-movement)
And
REM (rapid-eye-movement)
Duration of NREM and REM vary throughout the night, before awakening, periods of __________ occur and stages _____ and _____ predominant.
Wakefulness / 1 and 2
In which stage of sleep are skeletal muscles relaxed and reflexes diminished?
Stage 3 and 4
Which stage of sleep is essential for restoring energy and releasing important growth hormones?
Stage 3 and 4
During sleep cycles, adults pass through _______ and _______ with complete cycle lasting __________ minutes.
NREM and REM / 90-110 minutes
Where body processes continue to slow, eyes are generally still, heart and respiratory rate decreases slightly and body temperature falls, constitutes 45 to 55% of total sleep, are characteristics of which stage of sleep?
Stage II
Duration of NREM and REM vary throughout the night, in early sleeping, _______ sleep periods are __________ and stages _____ and _____ predominant.
Deep / longer / 3 and 4
List one full sleep cycle
NREM Stage 1 NREM Stage 2 NREM Stage 3 NREM Stage 4 NREM Stage 3 NREM Stage 2 REM sleep Back to Stage 2
Factors affecting sleep:
Emotional stress, stimulants and alcohol, diet, smoking, motivation, medications
Most __________ medications can interfere with deep sleep and suppress REM sleep.
Hypnotics
________________ have been known to cause insomnia and nightmares.
Beta-blockers
Tranquilizers interfere with ______ sleep.
REM
What can a nurse do to promote healthy sleep?
Decrease stimuli: Turn off tv Close doors Decrease noise at nurses station Don't awake pt for non essential tasks Avoid exercise, alcohol, and caffeine in late evening Provide ear plugs Provide extra pillows/blankets Make sure bed and room temp are comfortable
If awakened during any stage of sleep, will go back to __________ and __________ through all stages to get to ________.
If awakened during any stage of sleep, will go back to stage I NREM and proceed through all stages to get to REM.
Narcotics such as Demerol and morphine are known to __________ REM sleep and to cause ___________ ____________ and ____________.
Suppress / frequent awakenings and drowsiness
