Nutrition in Aging

Question 1

refers to the period of being past middle age

Answer 1

Elderhood

Question 2

Elderly persons are advised to

Answer 2

cut down gradually on their food intake

nutritious foods

eliminate less nutritious or higher calorie foods

Regular exercise

Vitamins A, D, C, E, B6 and B12 may be decreased
and supplemental vitamins are recommended

Calcium

Question 3

Nutritional Allowances
1. Calories –

Answer 3

– a reduction of calories is recommended
a. 45 – 55 years = 7.5% decrease
b. 55 – 65 years = 7.5% decrease
c. After 65 years = 10% decrease

Question 4

2. Protein

Answer 4

1.1g/kg

prevention of
progressive tissue wasting and susceptibility to disease
and infections

Question 5

Vitamins and Minerals

Answer 5

calcium, iron, vitamin A and
vitamin C are important minerals and vitamins commonly
found lacking in the diet for the aged because of low
intake of meat, milk, green leafy vegetables, and fruits.
Vitamins and mineral supplements may be taken to
further augment the intake of these nutrients.

Question 6

Water and Fiber

Answer 6

6 to 8 glasses should be
consumed daily

The kidneys can function efficiently

combating constipation.

Question 7

Difficulty in chewing due to loss of teeth and not getting
used to dentures

solution:

Answer 7

chop into small bite-sized pieces for easy chewing

Question 8

2. Lack of appetite

Answer 8

do light exercises like walking and gardening
to improve appetite and keep the body fit;

eat in pleasant
surroundings to make the meal enjoyable;

make the food
attractive by varying the color, shape, and size.

Question 9

Unwanted weight and due to lack of physical activity
and/or overeating

Answer 9

exercise regularly, eat only the lean part of the
meat or fish (avoid the fatty portion);

take in only
moderate amounts of energy food (steam, boil or broil
foods);

avoid rich sauces, salad dressings, and pastries
or cakes with heavy icings.

Question 10

Anxiety, confusion, insecurity, or loneliness

Answer 10

start the day right with a good breakfast;

have
a hobby; \

keep up with a group (join a club and participate
in community activities).

Question 11

. Poor digestion leading to constipation, gas pains, or
diarrhea

Answer 11

include fruits and vegetables in your daily
meals

; have four light meals (eat
the heaviest meal at noon)

6-8 glasses of water
and fruit juices daily

if suffering from diarrhea- take in
simple foods like tea, crackers, broth of boiled banana
and kamote, lugaw, or toast. Avoid fibrous fruits and
vegetables.

Question 12

Poor absorption leading to anemia and other vitamin
deficiencies
Solutions:

Answer 12

: iron-rich food like liver, lean meat, egg yolk,
saluyot, kulitis, himbabao, and seaweeds are
recommended to avoid anemia;

vitamin c-rich food like
papaya, mango, and dalanghita help absorb iron and
speed up healing

take in foods like milk, milk products,
dilis, alamang, and other leafy vegetables as it contain
calcium for strong bones; exposure to sunlight helps
maintain the bone structure

Question 13

7. Difficulty in sleeping

Answer 13

: drink warm milk just before going to bed to
assure a restful nigh

avoid tea or coffee late in the day,

Question 14

Decreased lean muscle mass.

Answer 14

exercise can help to counteract muscle mass
loss

Question 15

. is the most common fluid and electrolyte
imbalance in older adults

Answer 15

Dehydration