Nutrition, Disaster, Sanitation Flashcards
Two types under malnutrition, what are they and differentiate?
Macronutrient - deficiency in CHO and CHON (under dito ang Marasmus and Kwashiorkor)
Micronutrient - deficiency in vits and minerals
Anong sakit under malnutrition udner ang old man’s face?
Marasmus
How about apathy?
Maramus
Prominent ribs?
Marasmus
Edema?
Kwashiorkor
Identify the following if Marasmus or Kwashiorkor.
1. Edema
2. Ascites
3. Wrinkled skin
4. Prominent ribs
5. Skinny
6. Thin brittled hair
7. Moon face
8. Thin extremities
9. Zebra sign
10. Old man’s face
11. Apathy
- Edema - K
- Ascites - K
- Wrinkled skin - M
- Prominent ribs - M
- Skinny (skin and bones appearance) - M
- Thin brittled hair - K
- Moon face - K
- Thin extremities - K
- Zebra sign - K (zebra sign aka thin brittled hair)
- Old man’s face - M
- Apathy - M
What are the three common nutritional deficiencies?
Vit A
Iodine
Iron
Better nutrition. improved health, and __ ang goal under Nutrition Program
Increased productivity
T or F. Kasama ang livelihood assistance as under sa programs and projects under Nutrition Program?
True!
* Micronutrient Supplementation
* Food Fortification
* Essential maternal and Child Health Service Package
* Nutrition Information, Communication, and Education
* Home, School and Community Food Production
* Food Assistance
* Livelihood Assistance
Ilang % ang target setting ng BCG school entrants?
3%
What assessment tool is used for Marasmus and Kwashiorkor?
MUAC
Used to identify severe malnutrition in kids
MUAC
Under MUAC
Locate ____ and mark. Then fold their arms at __ and mark sa tip ng __
Locate ACROMION PROCESS and mark. Then fold their arms at 90 degree and mark sa tip ng ELBOW OR OLECRANON PROCESS.
Under MUAC, mero tayong categories like red, yellow, and green. Ano values nila?
Red - SEVERE malnutrition (<11.5)
Yellow - moderate mal (11.5-12.5)
Green - NORMAL malnutrition (> 12.5)
What is the management for malnutrition? What it is made of?
RUTF (ready to use therapeutic food)
Tinapay to made with butter
Every when tinitimbang ang bata if nagi-improve ang weight niya?
Weekly!
Ano ang deficiency under micronutrient malnutrition?
Vitamins and minerals
T or F. Junk foods are empty calories. Then, ano ang nadevelop as panlaban dito?
True, walang vits and mineral
Food Fortification Program (RA 8976)
- fortified = added nutrients
Araw ng sangkap pinoy is celebrated every?
October
April
= 2x a year
Ano ang mandatory na pagkain under sangkap pinoy?
Rice
Flour
Sugar and cooking oil
Ibigay corresponding nutrients ng rice, flour, sugar, and cooking oil
Rice - iron
Flour - iron and vit A
Sugar and cooking oil - vit A
(tip: diba three common nutritional deficiencies ang Iron, Vit A, and Iodine. Hence, sila yung nadagdag as added nutrients)
Vit A sa kids is given on what route? Also ano indication din
Orally, for VAD pero pwede rin to ibigay sa normal kids
RA 8976 or Food Fortification Program indicates na foods passed the DOH guidelines. Anong essential nutrients ang nandito?
Vit A
Iron
Iodine
What are the s/sx ng Vit A deficiency?
Night blindness
Xeropthalmia
Bitot’s spots
Aka ‘lusterless conjunctiva’ o kaya dry eyes, anong sakit din nakikita
Xeropthalmia - VAD
Bula sa mata na nakikita under VAD.
A dry-appearing triangular patches of xerosed conjunctiva with a layer of foam on the surface, usually located temporal to the cornea
Bitot’s spots
(tip: bitots = bula, plus may term na spots kaya synonymous)
For night blindness, nakakakita ba ang tao kapag may liwanag sa gabi?
Yes, hindi lang talaga nakakakita kapag madilim.
For night blindness, nakakakita ba ang tao kapag may liwanag sa gabi?
Yes, hindi lang talaga nakakakita kapag madilim.
Ilang units ng Vit A (Retinol) ang binibigay sa
(6-11 mos) infant na normal
(6-11 mos) infant with VAD
(12-60 mos) child na normal
(12-60 mos) child with VAD
100K IU for 6-11 mos (normal and w/ VAD)
200K IU for 12-60 mos (normal and w/ VAD)
Every when binibigay ang:
1st and 2nd dose ng normal infant/child
1st, 2nd, and 3rd dose ng w/ VAD
Normal
1st- today
2nd- 6 mos after
W/ VAD
1st- today
2nd- tom
3rd- 2 wks after
Anong micronutrient ang contraindicated for pregnant women and what trisem?
Vit A (Retinol)
2nd and 3rd trisem
- teratogenic to
We have two types of disaster based on onset, acute and chronic. Give their timeframes.
Acute - w/n days or wks
Chronic- takes most years to develop (mos-yrs)
T or F. Climate change is an example of acute disaster.
False, CHRONIC
One of the principles in disaster is it is the responsibility of __.
Responsibility of ALL
Who is our first priority when it comes to disasters? Second?
1st- people
2nd- resources
Disaster drills are done before/after an impact of a disaster.
done before!!
What is the sanitation code of the Philippines?
PD 856
PD 825 stands for?
Garbage disposal act
What are the four rights of food sanitation?
Right source
Right preparation
Right cooking
Right storage
Ano ang temperature for right cooking?
70C (Heto rin ang temperature for reheating)
What can be considered as danger zone?
Maximum of 2 hours na food
For right storage, we cool the food __ and ___ sa warming ng food.
cool ng food - 10c and below
warm ng food- maintained at 60C
Food establishment owners need to secure _ while food handlers need to secure ___.
Food establishment - sanitary permit
Food handlers - health certificate
(tip:
establiS- Sanitary permit
Handlers - health cert)
It is a branch of public health that deals with the study of preventing illness by managing the environment and changing people’s behavior to reduce exposure to biological and non-biological agents of disease or injury
Environmental health
(clue: managing environment)
Study of all factors in man’s physical environment, which may exercise a deleterious effect on his health well-being and survival.
Environmental sanitation
(clue; man’s physical environment)
Health and sanitation laws. Identify.
PD 856 – ________
PD 825 - ______
___ - toxic Substances and hazardous and Nuclear Waste Control Act of 1990
RA 8749- ______
RA 9003 - ______
___ - Clean Water Act 2004
PD 856 – Sanitation Code of the Philippines
PD 825 - Garbage disposal act
RA 6969- toxic Substances and hazardous and Nuclear Waste Control Act of 1990
RA 8749- Clean Air Act of 1999
RA 9003- Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000
RA 9275- Clean Water Act 2004
Hanggang ilang level according to DOH ang approved water facility?
3!
Approved type of water facility levels. Identify.
- Point source
- Waterworks sytem
- Individual house connections
- Stand posts
- Communal faucets
- Point source - 1
- Waterworks sytem - 3
- Individual house connections - 3
- Stand posts - 2
- Communal faucets - 2
Give two examples of a point source (L1).
Protected well and developed spring
Example of L2
Stand post or pila balde
Example of L3.
Individual household connection
What water level facility ang usually uso sa bundok? How many meters should it be from the source?
Level 1, not more than 250 m from the source
What level is considered as the cleanest of them all?
Level 3
Anong ratio ang dapat under level 2 water facility?
1:45 households
(agawan sila since kulang sa poso)
Open drug wells, unimproved springs, and wells that need priming are examples of?
Unapproved type of water facility
Type of toilet facilty that is common to far flung areas (eg: mountainous areas)
Level 1
Non water carriage like ___, anong level and ilang m ang lalim?
Pit latrines (2 m ang lalim) - Level 1
Small amout water toilet facility like ___ and what level?
Pour flush toilet - Level 1
Give two types under level 1 ng toilet facility
Pit latrines
Pour flush toilet
What level under ang water sealed flush type?
Level 2 (tae is hanggang septic tank lang lol)
Considered as the cleanest one out of all the toilet facilty levels, sewer system siya and diretso sa treatment plant?
Level 3 (para tong level 2 but waste and water lang)
Approved type of toilet facility levels. Identify.
1. pit latrines
2. water sealed flush type
3. non water carriage
4. pour flush toilet
5. sewer system
- pit latrines - 1
- water sealed flush type - 2
- non water carriage - 1
- pour flush toilet - 1
- sewer system - 3
What level of toilet facility under ang NAWASA and Maynilad?
Level 3
NAWASA (National Waterworks and Sewerage Authority)
Type ofd water facility na w/o distribution system?
Level 1or Point Source
Type of water facility. Households na cine-cater, identify.
Level 1
Level 2
Level 1 - 15-25 households
Level 2 - 100 average households
Type of water facility. Identify.
- not more than 25 m
- not more than 250 m
- not more than 25 m - Level 2
- not more than 250 m - Level 1
Under water quality and monitoring surveillance. disinfection ng water sup[ply sources is required on the ff:
- newly constructed
- been repaired/improved
T or F.
1. Well sites shall require the prior approval of the Secretary of Health or his duly authorized representative.
2. Well sites do not need to comply with the sanitary requiremewnts ng DOH.
- True
- False, need nila mag comply!
Give types of the ff; Ano silang level.
1. Non-water carriage toilet facility
2. Toilet facilities requiring small amount of water.
- Non-water carriage toilet facility
- pit latrines
-red odorless earth closet - Toilet facilities requiring small amount of water
- poor flush toilet
-aqua privies
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