Nutrition Flashcards
Which statement explains why total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is infused through a central line rather than a peripheral line?
It prevents the development of infection.
There is less chance of this infusion infiltrating.
It is more convenient, so clients can use their hands.
The large amount of blood helps dilute the concentrated solution.
The large amount of blood helps dilute the concentrated solution.
When a client’s total parenteral nutrition (TPN) bag is empty, which action is appropriate for the nurse to take?
Perform a finger stick glucose test and call the primary health care provider with the results.
Hang a bag of 10% dextrose at the ordered TPN rate and place an urgent request for the next TPN bag.
Discontinue the infusion and flush the intravenous (IV) line with saline solution until the next TPN bag is ready.
Hang a bag of 10% dextrose at the ordered TPN rate and place an urgent request for the next TPN bag.
Clients receiving TPN require monitoring of blood glucose because the TPN solution contains a high concentration of dextrose. In response to the high-dextrose TPN solution, the pancreas increases production of insulin to meet the glucose demands. In this situation, the current TPN infusion is completed, and the nurse would infuse 10% dextrose to compensate for the loss while the next TPN bag is being prepared.
Immediately after the insertion of a subclavian central venous access catheter, which is the priority nursing action for a client who is to begin total parenteral nutrition (TPN)?
Obtain a chest x-ray to determine placement.
Auscultate the lungs to evaluate breath sounds.
Draw a blood sample to assess blood glucose level.
Assess the right upper extremity for neurological deficits.
Auscultate the lungs to evaluate breath sounds.
The most significant and life-threatening complication of the insertion of a subclavian catheter is a pneumothorax because of the proximity of the subclavian vein and the apex of the upper lobe of the lung; a client’s respiratory status always is the priority.
For the client receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN), which action will the nurse take to prevent a major complication?
Flush the line if extravasation occurs.
Administer the infusion over 12 to 24 hours.
Change the site every 24 hours.
Discontinue the infusion immediately if elevation of hepatic enzymes occurs.
Administer the infusion over 12 to 24 hours.
TPN should be infused at a slow, constant rate; this will prevent both hyperglycemia and cellular dehydration from too rapid infusion of a hypertonic solution. The intravenous (IV) line should not be flushed if extravasation occurs. Generally, a major vein is selected for administration of TPN; the site is not changed every 24 hours.
The nurse assesses a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for which complication?
Infection
Renal failure
Anorexia
Dysrhythmias
Infection
Which action would the nurse take when administering total parenteral nutrition (TPN)?
Change the TPN solution bag every 24 hours, even if there is solution left in the bag.
Monitor the client’s blood glucose level every 2 hours at the bedside with a glucometer.
Instruct the client to breathe shallowly when changing the TPN tubing using sterile techniques.
Speed up the rate of the TPN infusion if the amount delivered has fallen behind the prescribed hourly rate.
Change the TPN solution bag every 24 hours, even if there is solution left in the bag.
The nurse is assessing several clients. Which client will require parenteral nutrition?
A client with brain neoplasm
A client with anorexia nervosa
A client with inflammatory bowel disease
A client with severe malabsorption disorder
A client with severe malabsorption disorder
During the administration of total parenteral nutrition (TPN), an assessment of the client reveals a bounding pulse, distended jugular veins, dyspnea, and cough. Which nursing intervention is the priority?
Remaining with the client to monitor status
Slowing the infusion rate
Notifying the health care provider
Obtaining the client’s vital signs
Slowing the infusion rate
Which role does vitamin C have in wound healing?
It aids in the process of epithelialization.
Vitamin C helps in the synthesis of immune factors.
It increases the metabolic energy required for inflammation.
Vitamin C is required for collagen production by fibroblasts.
Vitamin C is required for collagen production by fibroblasts.
The nurse identifies which weight category as reflective of a client’s body mass index (BMI) of 25.5 kg/m2?
Obese
Normal
Overweight
overweight
A BMI between 25 and 29.9 kg/m2 places the client in the overweight category. A BMI of 30 kg/m2 is considered obese. A normal BMI is between 18.5 kg/m2 and 24.9 kg/m2. A BMI below 18.5 kg/m2 is considered underweight.
Underweight BMI
<18.5
Overweight BMI
<25-29.9
Obese BMI
30 or >
