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Topnotch Biochemistry (Sept 2017) > Nutrition > Flashcards

Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

Protein deprivation > Calorie deprivation

Kwashiorkor or Marasmus

A

Kwashiorkor

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2
Q

Onset usually >1 year after weaning from breast milk

Kwashiorkor or Marasmus

A

Kwashiorkor

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3
Q

Depigmented hair, enlarged fatty liver, stunted growth,

Kwashiorkor or Marasmus

A

Kwashiorkor

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4
Q

Edema

Kwashiorkor or Marasmus

A

Kwashiorkor

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5
Q

Calorie deprivation > protein deprivation

Kwashiorkor or Marasmus

A

Marasmus

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6
Q

Very low plasma protein

Kwashiorkor or Marasmus

A

Kwashiorkor

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7
Q

Extreme muscle wasting

Kwashiorkor or Marasmus

A

Marasmus

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8
Q

Anemia

Kwashiorkor or Marasmus

A

Marasmus > Kwashiorkor

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9
Q

Earliest sign of Vitamin A deficiency

A

Loss of sensitivity to green light

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10
Q

Storage form of Vitamin A

A

Retinol esters

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11
Q

Precursor of Vit A with highest vitamin A activity and yields two moles of retinol

(Alpha | Beta | Gamma Carotene)

A

Beta Carotene

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12
Q

RDA of Vitamin A

A

Adult Male 525 RE/day
Adult female: 450 RE/day
Pregnant: +25 RE/day

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13
Q

Also called Anti-Rachitic Vitamin

A

VItamin D

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14
Q

Form of Vit D with plant origin

A

Vit. D2 | Ergosterol | Viosterol

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15
Q

Form of Vit D with animal origin

A

Vit. D3 | Cholecalciferol

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16
Q

Form of Vit D found in the skin

A

7- dehydrocholesterol

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17
Q

Most active form of Vitamin D

A

1, 25 dihydroxycholecalciferol

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18
Q

Storage form of Vitamin D in the liver

A

25-hydroxycholecalciferol

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19
Q

Another active form of Vitamin D less active than 1, 25 dihydroxycholecalciferol.

A

24, 25 dihydroxycholecalciferol

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20
Q

Also known as Anti-Sterility Vitamin

A

Vitamin E

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21
Q

Most potent precursor of Vitamin E

Alpha | Beta | Gamma | Delta Tocopherol

A

Alpha Tocopherol

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22
Q

Trace mineral that if added to Vitamin E prevents liver necrosis

A

Selenium

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23
Q

Major form of Vitamin K found in plants

A

K1 or Phylloquinone

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24
Q

Major form of Vitamin K synthesized by intestinal bacteria

A

K2 or Farnoquinone

25
Parent compound of Vitamin K series
Menadione or Vit K3 | Synthetic
26
Clotting factors synthesized by Vitamin K
Factor II, VII, IX, X | Nine-Ten-Seventy-Two
27
Vitamin K as a component of ETC
Coenzyme Q
28
Active form of Vitamin B1
Thiamine pyrophosphate
29
Thiamine serves as coenzyme for these (4) enzymes
Pyruvate dehydrogenase a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase Branched-chain amino acid dehydrogenase Transketolases
30
Also known as Aneurin or Aneuritic Vitamin
Thiamine (B1)
31
Thiamine is primarily found in
Whole-grain products | Husk of rice
32
Seen in chronic alcoholics, presents with confusion, ophthalmoplegia, ataxia and hallucinations
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
33
Active forms (2) of Vitamin B2
Flavine Mononucleotide | Flavine adenine dinucleotide
34
Also known as Vitamin G
Riboflavin
35
Best source of Riboflavin
Milk
36
Prominent manifestations of Riboflavin deficiency
Angular stomatitis Magenta tongue (glossitis) Seborrheic dermatitis
37
Only water soluble vitamin with significant toxicity
Vitamin B6: Pyrodixine
38
Active forms of Vitamin B3
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide | Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
39
Notable condition resulting from deficiency of Niacin
``` Rough skin (Pellagra) Casal's necklace ```
40
Active form of Vitamin B5
Coenzyme A
41
Richest known source of Panthothenic acid
Royal Jelly
42
Active form of Vitamin B6
Pyridoxal 5-phosphate
43
Primary source of Pyridoxamine
Meat
44
Active form of Vitamin B9
Tetrahydrofolate
45
Main sources of Folic Acid
Green leafy vegetables | Liver
46
Anemia caused by Folic acid defiency
Pancytopenia | Megaloblastic anemia
47
Folic acid RDA
400 mcg or 0.4mg
48
Also known as Erythrocyte maturation factor
Vitamin B 12 | Cobalamin
49
Also known as Vitamin M or Pteroylglutamic acid (PGA)
Folic acid | Vitamin B9
50
Deficient vitamin in Scurvy
Vitamin C | Ascorbic acid
51
Specific test for Vit B1 deficiency
Erythrocyte transketolase activity assay
52
Specific test for Vit B6 deficiency
Erythrocyte transaminase assay
53
Specific test for Vit B12 deficiency
Schilling test | Methylmalonic acid test
54
Specific test for Vit B9 deficiency
FIGlu excration test
55
Most common micronutrient deficiency worldwide
Iron deficiency anemia
56
Deficient micronutrient in Acrodermatitis enterohepathica
Zinc
57
Deficient micronutrient in Menkes syndrome
Copper
58
Deficient micronutrient in Keshan Disease
Selenium

Topnotch Biochemistry (Sept 2017) (9 decks)

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