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Topnotch Biochemistry (Sept 2017) > Nutrition > Flashcards

Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

Protein deprivation > Calorie deprivation

Kwashiorkor or Marasmus

A

Kwashiorkor

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2
Q

Onset usually >1 year after weaning from breast milk

Kwashiorkor or Marasmus

A

Kwashiorkor

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3
Q

Depigmented hair, enlarged fatty liver, stunted growth,

Kwashiorkor or Marasmus

A

Kwashiorkor

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4
Q

Edema

Kwashiorkor or Marasmus

A

Kwashiorkor

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5
Q

Calorie deprivation > protein deprivation

Kwashiorkor or Marasmus

A

Marasmus

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6
Q

Very low plasma protein

Kwashiorkor or Marasmus

A

Kwashiorkor

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7
Q

Extreme muscle wasting

Kwashiorkor or Marasmus

A

Marasmus

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8
Q

Anemia

Kwashiorkor or Marasmus

A

Marasmus > Kwashiorkor

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9
Q

Earliest sign of Vitamin A deficiency

A

Loss of sensitivity to green light

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10
Q

Storage form of Vitamin A

A

Retinol esters

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11
Q

Precursor of Vit A with highest vitamin A activity and yields two moles of retinol

(Alpha | Beta | Gamma Carotene)

A

Beta Carotene

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12
Q

RDA of Vitamin A

A

Adult Male 525 RE/day
Adult female: 450 RE/day
Pregnant: +25 RE/day

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13
Q

Also called Anti-Rachitic Vitamin

A

VItamin D

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14
Q

Form of Vit D with plant origin

A

Vit. D2 | Ergosterol | Viosterol

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15
Q

Form of Vit D with animal origin

A

Vit. D3 | Cholecalciferol

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16
Q

Form of Vit D found in the skin

A

7- dehydrocholesterol

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17
Q

Most active form of Vitamin D

A

1, 25 dihydroxycholecalciferol

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18
Q

Storage form of Vitamin D in the liver

A

25-hydroxycholecalciferol

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19
Q

Another active form of Vitamin D less active than 1, 25 dihydroxycholecalciferol.

A

24, 25 dihydroxycholecalciferol

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20
Q

Also known as Anti-Sterility Vitamin

A

Vitamin E

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21
Q

Most potent precursor of Vitamin E

Alpha | Beta | Gamma | Delta Tocopherol

A

Alpha Tocopherol

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22
Q

Trace mineral that if added to Vitamin E prevents liver necrosis

A

Selenium

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23
Q

Major form of Vitamin K found in plants

A

K1 or Phylloquinone

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24
Q

Major form of Vitamin K synthesized by intestinal bacteria

A

K2 or Farnoquinone

25
Q

Parent compound of Vitamin K series

A

Menadione or Vit K3

Synthetic

26
Q

Clotting factors synthesized by Vitamin K

A

Factor II, VII, IX, X

Nine-Ten-Seventy-Two

27
Q

Vitamin K as a component of ETC

A

Coenzyme Q

28
Q

Active form of Vitamin B1

A

Thiamine pyrophosphate

29
Q

Thiamine serves as coenzyme for these (4) enzymes

A

Pyruvate dehydrogenase
a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
Branched-chain amino acid dehydrogenase
Transketolases

30
Q

Also known as Aneurin or Aneuritic Vitamin

A

Thiamine (B1)

31
Q

Thiamine is primarily found in

A

Whole-grain products

Husk of rice

32
Q

Seen in chronic alcoholics, presents with confusion, ophthalmoplegia, ataxia and hallucinations

A

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

33
Q

Active forms (2) of Vitamin B2

A

Flavine Mononucleotide

Flavine adenine dinucleotide

34
Q

Also known as Vitamin G

A

Riboflavin

35
Q

Best source of Riboflavin

A

Milk

36
Q

Prominent manifestations of Riboflavin deficiency

A

Angular stomatitis
Magenta tongue (glossitis)
Seborrheic dermatitis

37
Q

Only water soluble vitamin with significant toxicity

A

Vitamin B6: Pyrodixine

38
Q

Active forms of Vitamin B3

A

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate

39
Q

Notable condition resulting from deficiency of Niacin

A 
Rough skin (Pellagra)
Casal's necklace
40
Q

Active form of Vitamin B5

A

Coenzyme A

41
Q

Richest known source of Panthothenic acid

A

Royal Jelly

42
Q

Active form of Vitamin B6

A

Pyridoxal 5-phosphate

43
Q

Primary source of Pyridoxamine

A

Meat

44
Q

Active form of Vitamin B9

A

Tetrahydrofolate

45
Q

Main sources of Folic Acid

A

Green leafy vegetables

Liver

46
Q

Anemia caused by Folic acid defiency

A

Pancytopenia

Megaloblastic anemia

47
Q

Folic acid RDA

A

400 mcg or 0.4mg

48
Q

Also known as Erythrocyte maturation factor

A

Vitamin B 12 | Cobalamin

49
Q

Also known as Vitamin M or Pteroylglutamic acid (PGA)

A

Folic acid | Vitamin B9

50
Q

Deficient vitamin in Scurvy

A

Vitamin C | Ascorbic acid

51
Q

Specific test for Vit B1 deficiency

A

Erythrocyte transketolase activity assay

52
Q

Specific test for Vit B6 deficiency

A

Erythrocyte transaminase assay

53
Q

Specific test for Vit B12 deficiency

A

Schilling test

Methylmalonic acid test

54
Q

Specific test for Vit B9 deficiency

A

FIGlu excration test

55
Q

Most common micronutrient deficiency worldwide

A

Iron deficiency anemia

56
Q

Deficient micronutrient in Acrodermatitis enterohepathica

A

Zinc

57
Q

Deficient micronutrient in Menkes syndrome

A

Copper

58
Q

Deficient micronutrient in Keshan Disease

A

Selenium

Topnotch Biochemistry (Sept 2017) (9 decks)

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