Nutrition

Question 1

FODMAPs

Answer 1

Avoid short-chain carbohydrates (wheat, pulses, fruits, chewing gum, some veg)

Question 2

Effects FODMAPs

Answer 2

Reduced inflammation
Reduced fermentation
Increased transit speed

Question 3

Chron’s risk

Answer 3

Stricturing

Question 4

Coeliac antibodies

Answer 4

EMA
TGA

Assocs: lymphoma, osteoarthritis, dermatitis

Question 5

CKD diet

Answer 5

Appropriate protein
Low salt
Weight loss
Phosphate + potassium tailored to levels

Question 6

Reason infant BMR higher

Answer 6

Larger proportion of body weight is brain / liver / heart / kidney

Needs higher fat intake

Question 7

Forgotten breast milk pros

Answer 7

Great bioavailability

Cultures gut flora

Question 8

Ageing body changes

Answer 8

Sarcopenia
Reduced FFM
Reduced body water
Reduce bone mass

Question 9

Refeeding syndrome specific details

Answer 9

Starvation: glucagon predominates - intracellular supplies of ions severely depleted (phosphate, potassium, magnesium)

Refeeding: insulin shoots up - glycogen / fat / protein synthesis resume + devour remaining supplies + RBC ATP in the process

Leads to arrhythmia