Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

DH board review > Nutrition > Flashcards

Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

Name the organic compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.

A

Carbohydrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What provides the most abundant energy during metabolism?

A

Carbohydrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How many kilocalories per gram do carbs yield?

A

4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

List the 3 monosaccharides

A
  1. Glucose
  2. Fructose
  3. Galactose
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name the monosaccharide that is the main fuel for brain and needed for RBC’s.

A

Glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What major carb is found in the bloodstream?

A

Glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name the sweetest monosaccharide

A

Fructose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name the component of milk sugar

A

Galactose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

List the 3 disaccharides

A
  1. Sucrose
  2. Lactose
  3. Maltose
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which disaccharide is made up of glucose and fructose and is known as table sugar?

A

Sucrose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which disaccharide is made up of glucose and galactose?

A

Lactose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which disaccharide is made up of 2 glucose molecules?

A

Maltose (plant sugar)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

List the 3 polysaccharides

A
  1. Starch
  2. Glycogen
  3. Fibers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the plant storage form of glucose (amylase and amylopectin)?

A

Starch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is nutritionally the most important carbohydrate?

A

Starch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the animal equivalent of starch?

A

Glycogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What provides a food storage system in animals/ humans (glycogenesis)?

A

Glycogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What in the liver regulates blood sugar for the brain?

A

Glycogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How much fiber should you consume in a day?

A

20-35 grams

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the main function of carbs?

A

to build tissue and replace cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Nutritive sweeteners; carbohydrate-like, sugar-like compounds that provide calories; do not promote tooth decay because they metabolize at a slower rate are called?

A

Sugar Alcohols

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

List the 3 sugar alcohols

A
  1. Sorbitol
  2. Mannitol
  3. Xylitol
23
Q

Nonnutritive sweeteners; non-carbohydrate and non-caloric; are called?

A

Artificial sweeteners

24
Q

List the 5 artificial sweeteners

A
  1. Saccharin
  2. Aspartame
  3. Acesulfame-K
  4. Sucralose
  5. Neotame
25
Q

What is the active ingredient in Sweet’N Low?

A

Saccharin

26
Q

What is the active ingredient in NutraSweet and Equal?

A

Aspartame

27
Q

Which artificial sweetener must carry PKU warning?

A

Aspartame

28
Q

What is the active ingredient in Sunette and Sweet One?

A

Acesulfame-K

29
Q

What is the active ingredient in Splenda?

A

Sucralose

30
Q

An abnormally high blood glucose concentration is called/

A

Hyperglycemia

31
Q

fruity odor on breath (as a result of ketosis) is called?

A

acetone breath

32
Q

Shakiness, dizziness, sweating, headaches, irritability, hunger, lightheadedness, and palpitations are symptoms of ?

A

hypoglycemia

33
Q

Organic compounds made up of amino acids are called?

A

Proteins

34
Q

Name the 5 elements that make up proteins

A
  1. Carbon
  2. Hydrogen
  3. Oxygen
  4. Nitrogen
  5. Sometimes sulfur
35
Q

What is the main function of proteins?

A

to repair/build tissues/cells

36
Q

An inborn error of metabolism where the liver cannot metabolize essential amino acid phenylalanine into nonessential amino acid tyrosine is called?

A

phenylketonuria (PKU)

37
Q

to waste away (a chronic condition) is called?

A

Marasmus

38
Q

A severe protein deficiency that begins at approximately 18 months to 2 years of age is called?

A

Kwashiorkor

39
Q

Which fatty acid carrys the maximum number of hydrogen atoms and remains solid a room temp?

A

saturated fatty acids

40
Q

Which fatty acids contain a point of unsaturated linkage with no hydrogen atoms and is viscous in form?

A

monounsaturated fatty acids

41
Q

which fatty acids contain two or more points of unsaturation and are liquid in consistency?

A

Polyunsaturated fatty acids

42
Q

give an example of linoleic fatty acid?

A

Omega-6 veg oil, such as sunflower and safflower

43
Q

give an example of linolenic fatty acid?

A

Omega-3, fish, canola oil and peanut oil

44
Q

List the 4 fat soluble vitamins

A

A, D, E and K

45
Q

where are fat soluble vitamins stored?

A

liver and fatty tissues

46
Q

Which vitamin prevents night blindness and maintains normal mucous membranes?

A

vitamin A

47
Q

Which vitamin functions as an antioxidant and interferes with blood coagulation?

A

Vitamin E

48
Q

Which vitamin functions in aiding the formation of blood clotting factor prothrombin and helps increase bone density?

A

Vitamin K

49
Q

List the 2 water soluble vitamins

A

B and C

50
Q

Which vitamin functions to help provide energy to the brain, heart and CNS?

A

Thiamine (B1)

51
Q

Which vitamin functions essential for growth and production of RBC’s; prevents cheilosis and glossitis and anemia?

A

Riboflavin (B2)

52
Q

Which vitamin is needed for RNA and DNA synthesis and its nutritional deficiency and disease is pellagra (dementia, diarrhea, dermatitis and death)?

A

Niacin (B3)

53
Q

Which vitamin promotes synthesis of protein collagen; acts as an antioxidant?

A

Vitamin C

DH board review (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions