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DH board review > Dental Materials > Flashcards

Dental Materials Flashcards

1
Q

The chemical attraction between like molecules?

A

Cohesion

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2
Q

An index which indicates how one material reacts to temperature extremes in relation to another is called?

A

Coefficient of thermal expansion

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3
Q

The force at which a material breaks under pressure is called?

A

Compressive strength

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4
Q

Slow dimensional change caused by compression is called?

A

Creep

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5
Q

The ability to undergo change of form without breaking is called?

A

Ductility

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6
Q

A materials ability to recover its initial shape after undergoing a force is called?

A

Elasticity

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7
Q

An electrical current generated by dissimilar metals in an acidic environment is called?

A

Galvanism

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8
Q

The process of gelling (solidification by cold) is called?

A

Gelatin

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9
Q

Absorption of a solvent by a gel is called?

A

Imbibition

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10
Q

A materials capacity to be shaped by force or pressure is called?

A

Malleability

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11
Q

The passage of oral fluids/bacteria into and out of tooth structure due to a marginal gap or failure of the marginal seal is called?

A

Micro leakage (percolation)

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12
Q

The linking, branching, or cross linking of smaller molecules to generate a larger molecule is called?

A

Polymerization

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13
Q

The force at which a material cannot return to its original shape is called?

A

Proportional limit

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14
Q

Contraction of a gel due to the loss of a solvent is called?

A

Syneresis

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15
Q

The force needed to stretch a material to the point of fracture is called?

A

Tensile strength

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16
Q

Resistance to flow?

A

Viscosity

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17
Q

An alloy of mercury with silver, copper, tin and zinc is called?

A

Amalgam

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18
Q

Is silver susceptible to corrosion?

A

Yes

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19
Q

Why is copper added to amalgam?

A

To minimize corrosion (gamma II phase eliminated)

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20
Q

What bonding agent establishes micromechanical retention with enamel and dentin by adapting to relief areas created by conditioning with phosphoric acid?

A

Dental resins (BIS-GMA or urethane dimethacrylate)

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21
Q

Name the barrier used to protect the occlusal surfaces of teeth from bacterial assault by sealing anatomically unprotected tooth structure with resin?

A

Pit and fissure sealants

22
Q

Name the 3 most common filler particles for composites:

A
  1. Silicates
  2. Quartz
  3. Glass
23
Q

What 2 ingredients are usually added to composites for radiopacity?

A
  1. Barium

2. Strontium

24
Q

What are generally used to seal Dentin or medicate the dental pulp (seal/medicate)?

A

Liners

25
Q

What liner stimulates reparative dentin formation/pulp exposure?

A

Calcium hydroxide

26
Q

Which liner soothes the pulp, is oily, and is contraindicated with composites?

A

Zinc-oxide/eugenol

27
Q

Which liner seals tubules and releases fluoride?

A

Resin-modified glass ionomer

28
Q

What are generally used to provide thermal insulation or mechanical protection for the dental pulp (insulate/protect)?

A

Bases

29
Q

Name the cement that has an exothermic reaction on mixing (use a cool glass slab) and creates a mechanical interlock between tooth and casting

A

Zinc phosphate

30
Q

Which cement has a high chemical affinity for enamel and its powder is mixed with polyacrylic acid?

A

Polycarboxylate cement

31
Q

Which cement is :
Resin-modified glass ionomer
Seals dentin effectively to minimize sensitivity
Releases fluoride

A

Hybrid cements

32
Q

Which cement is commonly used for temporary cementation?

A

Zinc-oxide/eugenol cement

33
Q

Name a reversible hydrocolloid that undergoes a physical reaction only

A

Agar

34
Q

Name a irreversible hydrocolloid that undergoes a chemical reaction

A

Alginate

35
Q

Which elastomeric material is messy, smelly and must be poured the same day?

A

Polysulfide rubber

36
Q

Which elastomeric material is relatively rigid, has good tissue detail, and is unstable in presence of moisture( will distort if left wet)?

A

Polyether rubber

37
Q

Which elastomeric material is putty-like and rarely used?

A

Silicone rubber

38
Q

Beta-calcium sulfate hemihydrate is which gypsum product?

A

Plaster

39
Q

Alpha-calcium sulfate hemi-hydrate is which gypsum product?

A

Stone

40
Q

Inorder to modify your working time with gypsum products you:
Add ___________ to accelerate set
Mix with _________water to accelerate set
Add __________ to slow set

A

Add potassium sulfate to accelerate
Mix with warm water to accelerate

Add borax to slow set

41
Q

Which type of wax is used for cast restorative patterns?

A

Inlay and casting wax

42
Q

Which type of wax is useful in removable prosthetic procedures?

A

Baseplate wax

43
Q

Which type of wax is useful to obtain occlusal records?

A

Bite registration wax

44
Q

Which type of wax is used in pouring models (vertical wall around impression)?

A

Boxing wax

45
Q

Which type of wax becomes sticky when heated, used to attach models?

A

Sticky wax

46
Q

Which type of wax is used to modify the shape of impression trays and cushion braces?

A

Utility wax

47
Q

List 3 noble metals used in dentistry

A
  1. Gold
  2. Platinum
  3. Palladium
48
Q

List 5 base metals used in dentistry:

A
  1. Silver
  2. copper
  3. Zinc
  4. Tin
  5. Nickel
49
Q

What is the leading cause of failure for implants?

A

Mobility

50
Q

The chemical attraction between unlike molecules?

A

Adhesion

DH board review (11 decks)

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