Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

National Board > Nutrition > Flashcards

Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

Glucose, Fructose, Galactose

A

Monosaccharides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Sucrose, Lactose, Maltose

A

Disaccharides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Starch, Glycogen, Dextrans

A

Polysaccharides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

RDA of carbs

A

130g/day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Glucose & Fructose

A

Sucrose (table sugar)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Glucose and Galactose

A

Lactose (milk sugar)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Glucose and Glucose

A

Maltose (plant sugar)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

provides food storage, 12-24 hours; liver-regulates blood sugar for brain; muscle-energy for contraction

A

Glycogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Sorbitol, Mannitol, Xylitol

A

Nutritive sweeteners - sugar alcohols

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Saccharin, Aspartame, Acesulfame-K, Sucralose, Neotame

A

Non-nutritive sweeteners - artificial sweeteners

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Normal glucose levels in humans

A

70-125 mg/dl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Condition that make a pt 3x more likely to get perio disease and/or other infections

A

Diabetes Mellitus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Hypoglycemia occurs when blood glucose level drops below ___

A

70 mg/dl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Hypoglycemia symptoms (9)

A

shaky, dizzy, sweaty, headache, irritable, hungry, lightheaded, palpitations, increase BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

1 gram of: Fat; Protein; Carbs; Alcohol

= ___ calories

A

Fat: 9 kcal
Protein: 4 kcal
Carbs: 4 kcal
Alcohol: 7 kcal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

inborn error of metabolism by liver; must restrict phenylalanine; avoid aspartame

A

PKU - phenylketonuria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

severe protein deficiency; 18-24mos of age, edema, poor growth, delayed eruption & hypoplasia of teeth

A

Kwashiorkor

18
Q

protein and calorie deficiency; waste away, adaptation to starvation, 6-18mos of age, no edema, poor growth

A

Marasmus

19
Q

Essential fatty acids (2)

A

linoleic/omega-3 : vegetable oil

linolenic/omega-6: fish& plant oils (canola,olive)

20
Q

prevents night blindness, maintains mucous membranes; retinols-animal foods; caritinoids-veggies

A

Vitamin A

21
Q

functions as hormone; calcium and phosphorus absorption, forms and mineralizes teeth; sunlight, milk

A

Vitamin D

22
Q

in children, softening of bones, bowed legs, enlarged head, joints, rib cage, deformed pelvis

A

Rickets

23
Q

in adults, calcium taken from bones, bowed legs, bent posture, pain in ribs, pelvis, legs

A

Osteomalacia

24
Q

aids in blood clotting, increase bone density, green leafy veggies

A

Vitamin K

25
Q

tocopherol; battles against cancer and heart attacks; antioxidant; vegetable oils, green leaf veggies, whole grains; interferes with Vit K blood coagulation

A

Vitamin E

26
Q

includes all B & C vitamins, main function is metabolism, deficiencies affects the mouth (cheilosis, glossitis)

A

Water-soluable vitamins

27
Q

Thiamin, provides energy to brain, heart, and CNS; deficiency-Ber beri; pork, whole grains, milk, legumes, nuts, peas

A

Vitamin B1

28
Q

Riboflavin, growth and production of RBCs; deficiency-cheilosis, glossitis; milk, nuts, green leafy veggies; sensitive to light - milk should be stored in cardboard/opaque containers.

A

Vitamin B2

29
Q

Niacin, needed in RNA/DNA synthesis; deficiency-pellegra, 4Ds- dementia, diarrhea, dermatitis, death; tryptophan can be converted to niacin

A

Vitamin B3

30
Q

forms RNA,DNA, & RBCs; deficiencies- Spinal birth defects(spin bifida), anemia, glossitis, diarrhea; green leafy veggies, orange juice, liver

A

Folate/Folic acid

31
Q

Cyanocobalamin, build tissue, maintains nerves cells, RBC development; deficiency-vegans, pernicious anemia; animal meat, fortified food

A

Vitamin B12

32
Q

Ascorbic acid, promotes synthesis of collagen; deficiency-scurvy; broccoli, citrus fruits; smokers and birth control require more.

A

Vitamin C

33
Q

must abundant mineral in the body; bones and teeth, coagulates blood; dairy, broccoli, soy; deficiency-women, rickets, osteomalacia, osteoporosis

A

Calcium

34
Q

excess excreted through urine; contributes to high BP, heart conditions, stroke

A

Sodium

35
Q

helps make amino acids & hormones; beans, nuts, liver; deficiency-anemia, meaty/patchy tongue, oral lesions, fatigue, brittle bones

A

Iron

36
Q

forms hemoglobin; shellfish, oyster, crab, liver, legumes

A

Copper

37
Q

regulates BMR, thyroid gland; deficiency-goiter

A

Iodine

38
Q

wound healing, highest concentration found in bones;deficiency-skin disorders; seafood, tofu, milk, eggs, whole grain bread

A

Zinc

39
Q

measure of energy ended to maintain life at rest

A

BMR - basal metabolic rate

40
Q

perimolysis and enlarged parotid glands - manifestation of

A

Bulimia

41
Q

iron deficiency; craving for non-nutritive substances or abnormal food - soil, paper, coal, raw potato, ice cubes, flour.

A

Pica

National Board (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions