Nutrition #2

Question 1

Mucus cells secrete (2)

Answer 1

1. Bicarbinate

2. Pepsinogen

Question 2

Parietal cells secrete

Answer 2

1. HCL

2. Intrinsic factor

Question 3

Chief cells secrete

Answer 3

1. pepsinogen

Question 4

Gastrin increases secretion of

Answer 4

1. HCL
2. pepsinogen
3. IF (Intrinsic factor)

Question 5

Gastrin is inhibited when

Answer 5

PH < 4

Question 6

3 elements absorbed in duodenum

Answer 6

1. iron
2. calcium
3. folic acid

Question 7

what is absorbed in jejunum (1)

Answer 7

thiamine

Question 8

what is absorbed in Illum (1)

Answer 8

1. B12

Question 9

Secretes enzymes that digest proteins, fats and carbohydrates.

Answer 9

Pancreas

Question 10

Necessary for normal growth of the lining of the stomach, small intestine, and colon (what hormone)

Answer 10

Gastrin

Question 11

Stimulates the stomach to produce pepsin, an enzyme that digests protein
Stimulates the liver to produce bile
Regulates water homeostasis

Answer 11

Secretin

Question 12

Causes the pancreas release digestive enzymes and and for the GB to release bile
Signals the gallbladder to empty
Acts as a hunger suppressant

Answer 12

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

Question 13

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

and secretin are secreted where

Answer 13

duodenum

Question 14

3 dietary goals for adults

Answer 14

1. Modify appropriate cardiac risk factors
2. Assess for malnutrition
3. Achieve healthy weight

Question 15

(what percentage) of hospitalized adults are at nutritional risk or malnourished

Answer 15

71%

Question 16

is a highly weighted secondary diagnosis that impacts your patients severity of illness, risk of mortality and other risk adjusted outcomes.

Answer 16

Protein calorie malnutrition

Question 17

1. Involuntary weight loss of more than 10% of the premorbid body weight
2. Hypercatabolic state by accelerated loss of skeletal muscle in context of chronic inflammatory response

Answer 17

Cachexia

Question 18

At risk for malnutrition if one or more of the following criteria are met: (3)

Answer 18

1. Unintentional weight loss of ~10% or usual body weight in the preceding 3 months
2. Body weight <90% of ideal for height
3. BMI <18.5 kg/m2

Question 19

-These are all findings of

Hollowing of the temporal muscles
Wasting of upper arms and thigh muscles
Easily plucked hair
Peripheral edema

Answer 19

Protein Deficiency

Question 20

Papular Keratitis “goose bump rash”

Answer 20

Vitamin A deficiency

Question 21

Perifollicular hemorrhages

Hypertrophied bleeding gums

Answer 21

Vitamin C deficiency

Question 22

Loss of distal vibratory and position sense

Answer 22

Vitamin B12 deficiency

Question 23

Ecchymosis is associated with what deficiency

Answer 23

Vitamin K

Question 24

Angular stomatitis or cheilosis are associated with what two deficiency

Answer 24

Riboflavin or Niacin

Question 25

you would get nystagmus with what kind of diffidency

Answer 25

Thiamine

Question 26

Spooning of nails is associated with what deficiency

Answer 26

iron

Question 27

LE rash “flaky paint" is assoaited with what deficiency

Answer 27

zinc

Question 28

Fat soluble vitamins

Answer 28

A D E K

Question 29

Bile needed for absorption Bone and tooth structure Healthy skin and mucous membranes Vision in dim light

Answer 29

Vitamin A

Question 30

Vision changes Bone pain Rough skin and dry cracked lips (vitamin Deficiency or excess )

Answer 30

Vitamin A excess

Question 31

``` Follicular hyperkeratosis (goose bump rash) Night blindness (vitamin deficiency or excess) ```

Answer 31

Vitamin A deficiency

Question 32

Assists with calcium homeostasis & bone metabolism | Helps intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorous

Answer 32

Vitamin D

Question 33

Rickets – soft bones, enlarged joints, enlarged skull, deformed chest, spinal curvature, bowed legs Osteomalacia (vitamin deficiency, excess)

Answer 33

Vitamin D Deficiency

Question 34

Anorexia, n/v, polydipsia, polyuria | vitamin excess or deficiency

Answer 34

Vitamin D excess

Question 35

RUA for vit D

Answer 35

adult < 70- 600 | adult > 70- 800

Question 36

Important in vision & reproduction Protects health of blood, brain, and skin Protects cell membranes against oxidation and free radicals Supplementation may increase risk of prostate cancer (vitamin)

Answer 36

Vitamin E

Question 37

Neuropathy Red cell hemolysis in malnourished infants (vitamin deficiency or excess)

Answer 37

Vitamin E Deficiency

Question 38

Forms prothrombin for normal blood clotting | Synthesized in the intestines vitamin

Answer 38

Vitamin K

Question 39

Healthy nerves what vitamin

Answer 39

Thiamine

Question 40

Peripheral neuropathy Wernicke encephalopathy (nystagmus, ophthalmoplegia, ataxia) Confusion/Coma (vitamin deficiency or excess)

Answer 40

Thiamine

Question 41

Glossitis/Scarlet colored tongue | (vitamin difficenecy, excess) Vit

Answer 41

Riboflavin deficiency

Question 42

Requires intrinsic factor from stomach for absorption

Answer 42

B12

Question 43

Pernicious anemia | vitamin excess or difiicancy

Answer 43

B12 deficiency

Question 44

``` AMS Myalgia Anorexia/Nausea Dermatitis around the eyes Alopecia (vitamin deficiency excess ) ```

Answer 44

Biotin deficiency

Question 45

RDI calcium

Answer 45

1000 adult | 1200 postmenopausal

Question 46

RDI Deficiency

Answer 46

magnesigm deficiency

Question 47

RDI sodium

Answer 47

<2300 per day

Question 48

what vitamin deficiency is associated with DKA

Answer 48

Vit K

Question 49

``` Acute Kidney Failure CKD Addison's disease (adrenal insufficiency) Angiotensin II receptor blockers Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors Beta blockers Dehydration (associated with what vitamin excess) ```

Answer 49

Vitamin K

Question 50

Vomiting, diarrhea, alteration in consciousness, hepatotoxicity, death (what vitamin excess)

Answer 50

Iron

Question 51

RDI fiber

Answer 51

25-36 grams