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Foundations #3 > Nutrition #2 > Flashcards

Nutrition #2 Flashcards

1
Q

Mucus cells secrete (2)

A
  1. Bicarbinate

2. Pepsinogen

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2
Q

Parietal cells secrete

A
  1. HCL

2. Intrinsic factor

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3
Q

Chief cells secrete

A
  1. pepsinogen
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4
Q

Gastrin increases secretion of

A
  1. HCL
  2. pepsinogen
  3. IF (Intrinsic factor)
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5
Q

Gastrin is inhibited when

A

PH < 4

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6
Q

3 elements absorbed in duodenum

A
  1. iron
  2. calcium
  3. folic acid
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7
Q

what is absorbed in jejunum (1)

A

thiamine

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8
Q

what is absorbed in Illum (1)

A
  1. B12
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9
Q

Secretes enzymes that digest proteins, fats and carbohydrates.

A

Pancreas

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10
Q

Necessary for normal growth of the lining of the stomach, small intestine, and colon (what hormone)

A

Gastrin

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11
Q

Stimulates the stomach to produce pepsin, an enzyme that digests protein
Stimulates the liver to produce bile
Regulates water homeostasis

A

Secretin

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12
Q

Causes the pancreas release digestive enzymes and and for the GB to release bile
Signals the gallbladder to empty
Acts as a hunger suppressant

A

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

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13
Q

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

and secretin are secreted where

A

duodenum

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14
Q

3 dietary goals for adults

A
  1. Modify appropriate cardiac risk factors
  2. Assess for malnutrition
  3. Achieve healthy weight
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15
Q

(what percentage) of hospitalized adults are at nutritional risk or malnourished

A

71%

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16
Q

is a highly weighted secondary diagnosis that impacts your patients severity of illness, risk of mortality and other risk adjusted outcomes.

A

Protein calorie malnutrition

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17
Q
  1. Involuntary weight loss of more than 10% of the premorbid body weight
  2. Hypercatabolic state by accelerated loss of skeletal muscle in context of chronic inflammatory response
A

Cachexia

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18
Q

At risk for malnutrition if one or more of the following criteria are met: (3)

A
  1. Unintentional weight loss of ~10% or usual body weight in the preceding 3 months
  2. Body weight <90% of ideal for height
  3. BMI <18.5 kg/m2
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19
Q

-These are all findings of

Hollowing of the temporal muscles
Wasting of upper arms and thigh muscles
Easily plucked hair
Peripheral edema

A

Protein Deficiency

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20
Q

Papular Keratitis “goose bump rash”

A

Vitamin A deficiency

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21
Q

Perifollicular hemorrhages

Hypertrophied bleeding gums

A

Vitamin C deficiency

22
Q

Loss of distal vibratory and position sense

A

Vitamin B12 deficiency

23
Q

Ecchymosis is associated with what deficiency

A

Vitamin K

24
Q

Angular stomatitis or cheilosis are associated with what two deficiency

A

Riboflavin or Niacin

25
Q

you would get nystagmus with what kind of diffidency

A

Thiamine

26
Q

Spooning of nails is associated with what deficiency

A

iron

27
Q

LE rash “flaky paint” is assoaited with what deficiency

A

zinc

28
Q

Fat soluble vitamins

A

A
D
E
K

29
Q

Bile needed for absorption
Bone and tooth structure

Healthy skin and mucous membranes

Vision in dim light

A

Vitamin A

30
Q

Vision changes
Bone pain
Rough skin and dry cracked lips
(vitamin Deficiency or excess )

A

Vitamin A excess

31
Q 
Follicular hyperkeratosis (goose bump rash)
Night blindness
(vitamin deficiency or excess)
A

Vitamin A deficiency

32
Q

Assists with calcium homeostasis & bone metabolism

Helps intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorous

A

Vitamin D

33
Q

Rickets – soft bones, enlarged joints, enlarged skull, deformed chest, spinal curvature, bowed legs
Osteomalacia
(vitamin deficiency, excess)

A

Vitamin D Deficiency

34
Q

Anorexia, n/v, polydipsia, polyuria

vitamin excess or deficiency

A

Vitamin D excess

35
Q

RUA for vit D

A

adult < 70- 600

adult > 70- 800

36
Q

Important in vision & reproduction

Protects health of blood, brain, and skin

Protects cell membranes against oxidation and free radicals
Supplementation may increase risk of prostate cancer
(vitamin)

A

Vitamin E

37
Q

Neuropathy
Red cell hemolysis in malnourished infants
(vitamin deficiency or excess)

A

Vitamin E Deficiency

38
Q

Forms prothrombin for normal blood clotting

Synthesized in the intestines
vitamin

A

Vitamin K

39
Q

Healthy nerves what vitamin

A

Thiamine

40
Q

Peripheral neuropathy
Wernicke encephalopathy (nystagmus, ophthalmoplegia, ataxia)
Confusion/Coma
(vitamin deficiency or excess)

A

Thiamine

41
Q

Glossitis/Scarlet colored tongue

(vitamin difficenecy, excess) Vit

A

Riboflavin deficiency

42
Q

Requires intrinsic factor from stomach for absorption

A

B12

43
Q

Pernicious anemia

vitamin excess or difiicancy

A

B12 deficiency

44
Q 
AMS
Myalgia
Anorexia/Nausea
Dermatitis around the eyes
Alopecia
(vitamin deficiency excess )
A

Biotin deficiency

45
Q

RDI calcium

A

1000 adult

1200 postmenopausal

46
Q

RDI Deficiency

A

magnesigm deficiency

47
Q

RDI sodium

A

<2300 per day

48
Q

what vitamin deficiency is associated with DKA

A

Vit K

49
Q 
Acute Kidney Failure
CKD
Addison's disease(adrenal insufficiency)
Angiotensin II receptor blockers
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
Beta blockers
Dehydration
(associated with what vitamin excess)
A

Vitamin K

50
Q

Vomiting, diarrhea, alteration in consciousness, hepatotoxicity, death
(what vitamin excess)

A

Iron

51
Q

RDI fiber

A

25-36 grams

Foundations #3 (6 decks)

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