Nutrition Flashcards
What are the three macronutrients?
Carbohydrates, proteins, fats.
What is the primary function of carbohydrates?
Provide energy.
How many calories are in 1 gram of protein?
4 calories.
What is the recommended daily protein intake for muscle growth?
1.6–2.2 grams per kilogram of body weight.
What is a micronutrient?
Vitamins and minerals required in small amounts for overall health.
Which vitamin is crucial for calcium absorption?
Vitamin D.
What is the glycemic index (GI)?
A measure of how quickly a food raises blood sugar levels.
What is the role of omega-3 fatty acids?
Support brain health, reduce inflammation, and improve heart health.
What is the primary source of fuel during prolonged low-intensity exercise?
Fats.
What is the thermic effect of food (TEF)?
The energy required to digest, absorb, and process food.
What are essential amino acids?
Amino acids the body cannot produce and must be obtained through diet.
What is the difference between soluble and insoluble fiber?
Soluble fiber dissolves in water; insoluble fiber does not.
What is the role of electrolytes?
Regulate fluid balance and muscle contractions.
What is the main dietary source of vitamin C?
Fruits and vegetables, especially citrus fruits.
What is ketosis?
A metabolic state where the body uses ketones for energy instead of glucose.
