Nutrition

Question 1

What percentage of the digestive system are each of the components

Answer 1

Small int is 30%
Cecum is 15%
Small/large colon is 45%
Stomach 10%
Stomach is small in comparison to body size

Question 2

How can you determine hay quality

Answer 2

With senses to determine color, texture, dustiness, purity, maturity
Judge the animals perform with the hay such as intake or palatability
Lab analysis which can be used to determine nutritive values

Question 3

What is dry matter

Answer 3

100 minus moisture
Represents everything but water
Animals consume feed to meet dry matter requirements because that’s what contains all the nutrients

Question 4

What food has high moisture

Answer 4

Fresh cut hay
More than 20% moisture leads to mold

Question 5

What is crude protein

Answer 5

Total nitrogen in a sample x 6.25
Good indicator of forage quality but not protein
Body requires essential amino acids not protein so good quality protein contains all essential amino acids

Question 6

What percentage of mixed hay, grass hay, and alpha alpha are protein

Answer 6

Mixed is 15%
Grass hay is 12%
Alpha alpha is 15-20%

Question 7

What is ADF

Answer 7

Consists of cellulose and lignin
Doesn’t have digestibility
Treat it like it’s true carb but it’s not
Doesn’t represent total amount of fiber but it’s useful in predicting digestibility

Question 8

What does low ADF value mean

Answer 8

Higher energy value and higher digestibility
ADF greater than 45 is not very digestible
Want ADF around 35

Question 9

What is NDF

Answer 9

Includes hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin
Best measure of total fiber
Indicator of intake

Question 10

What ndf values do you want

Answer 10

Low ndf which means high voluntary intake
Greater than 65 is not desirable
Want ndf around 45

Question 11

What relationship does fiber and forage quality have

Answer 11

Increase in fiber, decrease in forage quality

Question 12

What is the rule regarding crude protein, ADF, and ndf

Answer 12

15= cp
35 = ADF
45= ndf

Question 13

How many calories should you have per pound as a general rule

Answer 13

1 mega calorie per pound

Question 14

What do water soluble carbs include

Answer 14

Mono, poly, and disaccharides
Want low number for laminitic horses

Question 15

Is water soluble carbs+ starch are less than 12 what does that mean

Answer 15

Only a small amount is reaching large intestine

Question 16

Where is fructan digested

Answer 16

Fermented in the hindgut since it can’t be digested in foregut

Question 17

What are ethanol soluble carbs

Answer 17

Include mono and disaccharides
Want low number for horses with sugar problems

Question 18

What do ethanol soluble carbs+ starch under 10 mean

Answer 18

Low glycemic index

Question 19

What is relative feed value

Answer 19

Used to compare one forage to another on energy basis
Calculated from ADF and ndf but not cp

Question 20

What rfv value is desired

Answer 20

Higher rfv which means higher quality so higher price

Question 21

What does it mean mean when a forage is more mature and fibrous

Answer 21

The longer it takes to be digested and less a horse will consume it