Nutrition

Question 1

Nutrients

Answer 1

• From nutirents in food we obtain raw materials for the growth and maintenance
• nutrients help grow and give enegry to a organism and =build and repair tissues
• they are broken down into simpler molecules and are used to build and replace cells

Question 2

Carbohydrates

Answer 2

the main source of energy in the human body
most energy molecules are made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Question 3

3 types of carbs

Answer 3

Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Polysaccharides

Question 4

Monosaccharides

Answer 4

ring-shaped structures with a single sugar molecule
glucous

Question 5

Disacchhraides

Answer 5

2 simple sugar rings joined together
surcrose

Question 6

Polysaccharides

Answer 6

many simple sugar rings joined together to make large complex chains

Question 7

Carbs in diet

Answer 7

• 55% of a healthy diet should get energy from carbs
• grains, fruits, and veggies
• provide us with cellulose (cannot digest)
• source of fibre
  main source of energy= makes us glucous= celular respriation= energy

Question 8

Storing Carbohydrates

Answer 8

• needs to be broken down into simpler sugar before the body can use them or store them in the liver or muscle tissue at glycogen
• When energy is needed the glycogen can be converted back into glucose for energy
• Excess carbohydrates that cannot be stored as glycogen get converted to lipids and stored as body fat

Question 9

Proteins

Answer 9

key building blocks of the cell
proteins do almost everything
storage, transport, structure, movement

Question 10

Protein build up

Answer 10

• the most complex nutrient
• made up of long chains of amino acids
• 20 types of amino acids that make up all proteins
• Non essiantial: 12 of the amino acids your body can produce
• Essantial: 8 amino acids you must get from your food

Question 11

Protein in Your Diet

Answer 11

found in plants or animals include meat, eggs, fish, cheese, lentils
plants do not have protein so veg ppl need suppliments
10-20% of your energy intake comes from protein

Question 12

Vitamins and Minerals

Answer 12

• a compound that an organism needs as a nutrient only in small amount
• Can be either fat (A,D,E,K) or water soluble (B,C)
• can be obtained from our food or produced in our body
• Minerals are naturally occurring elements that the body uses to carry out metabolic processes and to build/repair tissues

Question 13

Lipids

Answer 13

• fats and oils
• provide a very concentrated source of chemical energy to the body
• help in the absorption of vitamins, are a main component in cell membranes, serve as insulation and may act as hormones

Question 14

Types of Lipids

Answer 14

• molecules are made up of triglycerides
• Fatty acids make saturated or unsaturated

Question 15

Lipids in Your Diet

Answer 15

• There are also essential fatty acids like Omega-3 fatty acids
• Found in oily fish, nuts, seeds, etc.
• should not make up 30% of your energy intake
• Too much lipid intake can lead to serious health impacts
• heart diease and obistey

Question 16

ATP

Answer 16

• An energy molecule that has chemical energy
• Broken down to give us energu

Question 17

Saturated liplids

Answer 17

• “bad fats”
• are solid at room temperature have - no room for hydrogen to bond
• single bonded= can stick= less space= form solids= butter, steak

Question 18

Unsaturated lipids

Answer 18

• “good fats”
• are liquid at room temperature
• have room for hydrogen to bond
• double bonded= bends/curves= spaces= oil

Question 19

Nurtients and enegry

Answer 19

• Nurtents feul biological processes
• chemical aenegry is used by cell to fuel activities
• heart beating, your lungs breathing, your brain processing information,