Blood Pressure and Heartbeat

Question 1

The Cardiac Cycle

Answer 1

• complete heart beat
• full contraction and relaxation of each chamber of the heart

Question 2

Cardiac cycle basic stages

Answer 2

• divided into two basic phases
• The diastole phase, when the heart is relaxed and filling with blood
• The systole phase, when the heart contracts and is emptying

Question 3

Heart Sounds

Answer 3

• caused by the opening and closing of heart valves
• The “lubb” occurs when atrioventricular valves close and the ventricles contract
• The “DUBB” occurs when ventricles relax and the semilunar valves snap shut
• If the heart beat sounds are not normal may be a sign of a leaking valve, heart murmur

Question 4

Regulation of the Heart Rhythm

Answer 4

• Self suffient
• heart muscle, myogenic muscle can contract and relax on its own without stimulation from nerves
• damaged nervous system may still have a beating heart

Question 5

SA node

Answer 5

• Group of cells creating contractions in the right atrium called the sinoatrial (SA) node
• cluster of cells sends an electrical signal which causes the atria to contract

Question 6

AV node

Answer 6

• electrical signal that goes to group of cells in the between the right atrium and ventricle called the atrioventricular (AV) node
• takes electrical energu and maxes enegru to go through ventricle
• signal is passed down the septum and causes the ventricles to contract
• cluster of cells sends an electrical signal through conductive fibers called purkinje fibers

Question 7

Cardiac cycle complete stages

Answer 7

1. Pacemaker
   generates wave of
   signals to contract.
2. Signals are
   delayed at
   AV node.
3. Signals pass
   to heart apex.
4. Signals spread
   throughout
   ventricles.

Question 8

Observing the Heartbeat

Answer 8

• the heart is electrically stimulated, it can be observed by measuring length and strength of electrical signals
• ## tool used is electrocardiograph, which produced a electrocardiogram (ECG)

Question 9

Blood pressure

Answer 9

• Blood is always under pressure in the blood vessels because of the contractions from your heart
• Pressure increases when your heart is contracting and decreases when your heart relaxes
• The pressure your blood exerts on the walls of the circulatory system is what we call blood pressure(overowkred artierea)
• can make heart bigger=heart failure
• create scar tissue= atheroslorsis

Question 10

dangers of Blood Pressure

Answer 10

• A specific volume of blood can be accommodated your circulatory system
• amount of blood increases= force on the walls of the blood vessels= pressure
• Too much pressure on the vessels can lead to serious health risks

Question 11

checking blood pressure

Answer 11

• sphygmomanometer
• cuff is wrapped around the arm and measures the pressure of your brachial ateries
  measures:
• Your systolic pressure, the pressure when your heart is contracting
• Your diastolic pressure, the pressure when your heart is relaxed

Question 12

Measure of Blood Pressure

Answer 12

• Normal blodo pressure should be 120/80
• systolic pressure of 120 mm Hg
• Diastolic pressure of 80 mm Hg
• This pressure will decrease slowly as it moves away from the heart