Blood and Blood Vessels Flashcards
1
Q
Blood Vessels
A
- major network of tubes inside your body designed to transport blood to and from the body and lungs
- allows transport of materials to and from every cell in the body
2
Q
Arteries
A
- carries blood away from the heart towards the body tissues
- carries oxygenated blood expect for pulmonary artery
3
Q
arotra
A
- largest artery in body
- attached to your heat and branches off into all other arteries
4
Q
Tissue layers of Arteries
A
- An outer layer of connective tissue
- A middle layer of smooth muscle: thick , able to contract and relax muscle to rgeulat eblood pressue
- A inner layer of epithelial cells: stuture, support
- your pulse is blood being forced through ateries form contractions of heart
5
Q
Arterioles
A
- smaller artieries
- can open (vasodilate) or close (vasoconstrict) to control your internal body temperature
6
Q
Capillaries
A
- when arterioles reach body tissue it becomes into small caplikaries
- walls are only one cell layer thick and wide
- provide oxygen and nutrients to every cell in the body
- they often are found in networks called capillaries beds
7
Q
Venules
A
- After the capillary bed it will enter small vessels called venules which will connect to larger vessels called veins
- These vessels will carry wastes and carbon dioxide back to the heart and lungs where it can be expelled
8
Q
Veins
A
- carry deoxygenated blood except for pulmonary vein
- same three layer structure as arteries, but have a thinner layer of muscle and a wider opening
- Valves and skeletal muscle contractions helps the blood fight gravity and push back towards the heart
9
Q
blood
A
- red fluid that circulates throughout our blood vessels
- main function is to act as the fluid in our body’s transport system
- a key player in our body’s defense system
- can not be manfuctarued (need blood donors)
- no subsittute for blood
10
Q
Red blood cells
A
- erythrocytes
- biconcave disk shaped cell
- shape is good as it increases the surface area which allows for more gas exchange
- carry oxygen from the lungs to the body and carbon dioxide from the body back to the lungs
- Oxygen attached to a special molecule called hemoglobin
11
Q
Formation of Red Blood Cells
A
- formed in stem cells in the marrow of the vertebrae, ribs, breastbone, skull, and arm and leg bones
- 120 days in circulation they will die and will be removed from the body by the liver or spleen
12
Q
White Blood Cells
A
- leukocytes
- body’s first line of defense against harmful bacteria, viruses and organism
- engulf and destroy the target through a process called phagocytosis
These cells are also formed in the bone marrow
13
Q
Platelets
A
- small cell fragments also produced from stem cells in the bone marrow
- essensial in blood clotting
- When a blood vessel is broken the platelets form a clot so that too much blood isn’t lost
14
Q
Plasma
A
- protein-rich liquid in which blood cells and platelets are suspended
- 90% water but also has many dissolved substances in it including oxygen , proteins, glucose, minerals, etc
- rises to top and yellow in blood smaple
15
Q
pressure in artieres
A
- bigger opening: more volume less pressure
- smaller opening: less volume more pressure
- more pressure means blood can be snet further through body in one pump
16
Q
number of blood cells in body
A
red blood cells: 48%
whit blood cells: 55%
platelets: less than 1%
17
Q
Blood type
A
A B AB O (+) (-)
blood types are 100% genetic
A + B= AB
A + O= A
18
Q
Blood types anti
A
A have anti B, can take O A
B have anti A, can take B o
AB have nothing, can take all
O have anti A and B, can take O
19
Q
RH
A
postivtive or negative
20
Q
RhD antigen
A
Father RH +
Mother RH -
in respose to babys RH +, the mom will make antibodies the second time and damaage fetus
