Human Digestion

Question 1

Digestive system

Answer 1

• we have complete digestive system
• the tube our food is diested through is the G1 tract
• it is 7-9 m long
• it helps injest, digest, ejest and aboarb food

Question 2

First part of digestion

Answer 2

• chemical and physcial digestion starts in mouth
• food is broken down with teeth
• caines and insiors tear down and cut food
• molors grind and crush food
• saliva breaks down food chemically
• the more u chew= more surface area= more reactions=more acid

Question 3

saliva

Answer 3

• the enzyme amylase breaks down complex carbohydrates into disaccraides
• this enzyme also has mucus (protective lubricant) which helps swallow
• enzyme= biological calasyst (speeds up chemical reactions)

Question 4

bolus

Answer 4

moist ball of food that is ready to be diesgted

Question 5

swallowing food

Answer 5

• ingestion
• the touge pushes the food to the back of the mouth
• food goes into pharynx and soft pallet raises so food does not enter nasal cavity
• the epiglottis covers the entrance to your trachea (glottis) , food pushes it
• determintes if it goes to espohus or treachea

Question 6

Esophagus

Answer 6

• pinches and pushes food
• espogus moves food to stomach
• long musclar tibe
• phyaynx is in bwteen oral and nasel cavity

Question 7

peristalsis push

Answer 7

• wave-like muscle contractions that move food down
• takes 8 seconds

Question 8

the stomach

Answer 8

• the gastroesophageal sphincter (cirlce peice of muslce) helps eneter food into stomach
• the j shape mucle oragan is the stomach that can expand (2L)
• foods mixes with gastic jusices (chyme) and gets sent to the pyloric sphincter
• spithcner closes

Question 9

diesgtion in stomach

Answer 9

• chemical and physcial digestion
• muslce in stomach churns and breaks down food
• diestive exymes (pepsin) break down proteins

Question 10

small intenstine

Answer 10

• where most diesgtion occurs
• diesgts lipds, carbs and proteins
• has three sections:
  dudoudem: pacreases adds most enzymes and NaHO3 to nexturize stomach acid
  jujunum: where digestion continues and some nurtirents are absorbed
  ileum: where most nurtients are abosrbed

Question 11

Order of digestive system

Answer 11

1. Injestion
2. DIgestion
3. Absorbtion
4. Egestion

Question 12

Digestive tract

Answer 12

anything that touchs food
- mouth
- stomach
- espogous
- small/large intestine
- anus and rectum

Question 13

Assesory organs

Answer 13

• Liver
• Pancreas
• gallbadder

Question 14

pepisiogen

Answer 14

inactivated pepsin so it does not break down stomach acid
only activates in stomach acid (turns into pepsin)
pepsin does not harm stomach as musuc covers it

Question 15

Absorption in the Small Intestine

Answer 15

the ineer surface of intestine is foled inward with finger-like projections called vili
Vili has mircovili inside them
this maximuses surface area, more low concentration, more absorpation (500x)
vili carrie snurtienst to blood stream

Question 16

Transport in small intestine

Answer 16

Passive transport: No energy required
Activte transport: energy needed

Question 17

passive transport

Answer 17

simple diffusion
-goes right through the meber (osomosis) (smaller)
facilitated diffusion
- more bigger molecules
- goes through membrane with help of transport protein

Question 18

active transport

Answer 18

• goes againist concentration graident
• uses transport molecules and ATP
• goes from low to high concentratiom

Question 19

large intestine

Answer 19

• cecum/apednix attach the small and large intestine
• colon is the largest part of intestine (acdenting, transverse, decending)
  last part is rectum that holds feces until exterted by anus

Question 20

Role of large intenstine

Answer 20

• absorbs water, ions and vitamins
• has 500 species of bacteria
• help to make gas, vitamin production and diesgtion of food

Question 21

egestion

Answer 21

• removal of extra waste in the body
• made up of cellulose and fiber, which make us full for longer
• large intestine nerves feel the movment of food in rectum
• tells us to eject food through extrection