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Biology 11 > Nutrition > Flashcards

Nutrition Flashcards

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1
Q

What is nutrition?

A

How NUTRIENTS and other substances in food affect our health and growth

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2
Q

What do organisms use nutrients for?

A

To SURVIVE and GROW

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3
Q

What happens once nutrients are in the body?

A

They are BROKEN DOWN into simpler molecules used as “BUILDING BLOCKS”

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4
Q

Why do we need nutrients?

A

To GROW, BUILD TISSUES, and to produce ENERGY

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5
Q

What is Organic vs Inorganic?

A

Organic CONTAINS carbon (protein, fats, vitamins), inorganic DOES NOT (water, minerals)

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6
Q

What are Macronutrients?

A

Food that must be consumed a lot per day

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7
Q

What can be used as a source of energy?

A

Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins

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8
Q

What does not provide energy?

A

Water and nucleic acids

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9
Q

What are Carbohydrates?

A

They are the MAIN SOURCE of energy for the human body. It always contains Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen

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10
Q

What are the 3 types of Carbohydrates?

A

Monosaccharides, Disaccharides, Polysaccharides

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11
Q

What are Monosaccharides?

A

(type of carbohydrate) one sugar

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12
Q

What are Disaccharides?

A

(type of carbohydrate) sugars (sucrose, maltose, and lactose)

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13
Q

What are Polysaccharides?

A

(type of carbohydrate) many sugars (starch, cellulose, glycogen)

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14
Q

What are complex and simple carbs?

A

Complex are HEALTHY foods (bread, lettuce, berries) and simple are JUNK food (pop, donuts, fries)

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15
Q

What do lipids do?

A

Lipids STORE large amounts of ENERGY, help absorb vitamins, insulate the body, and protect organs

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16
Q

What are saturated and unsaturated fats?

A

Saturated fats are butter, bacon, burgers, and unsaturated fats are almonds, oil, avocados

17
Q

What are Proteins?

A

Proteins are made of LONG CHAINS of AMINO ACIDS (there are 20 different amino acids needed, our bodies can make 12, the other 8 are OBTAINED from food)

18
Q

What are the functions of proteins?

A

COMPONENT OF CELL MEMBRANE, act as MESSENGERS, provide STRUCTURE, help MAKE ANTIBODIES, act as enzymes, store metal ions or amino acids, etc.

19
Q

What do nucleic acids do?

A

STORE and TRANSMIT hereditary information

20
Q

What are vitamins?

A

An ORGANIC MOLECULE that the body requires in SMALL amounts as an essential NUTRIENT

21
Q

How are vitamins classified?

A

Fat soluble (can be stored in fatty tissue) and water soluble (cannot be stored in body-urine)

22
Q

What are minerals?

A

Naturally occurring ELEMENTS that the body uses to carry out METABOLIC PROCESSES and to build or repair tissue

Biology 11 (7 decks)

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