Nutrition

Question 1

What are the 5 main food groups?

Answer 1

Carbohydrates, Lipids, Vitamins, Minerals and Proteins

Question 2

What other 2 nutrients does a healthy human diet need?

Answer 2

Water and fibre

Question 3

What do carbohydrates provide?

Answer 3

Energy

Question 4

What are some sources of carbohydrates?

Answer 4

Pasta, bread, rice, potatoes, cereals

Question 5

What nutrient is essential to grow, repair and make new cells?

Answer 5

Protein

Question 6

What are meat, fish, eggs and beans sources of?

Answer 6

Protein

Question 7

What do lipids provide?

Answer 7

Energy. They also store energy and insulate the body.

Question 8

What are butter, oil, nuts and cheese sources of?

Answer 8

Lipids.

Question 9

What nutrient keeps vital processes, cells and organs working?

Answer 9

Vitamins

Question 10

What are some sources of vitamins?

Answer 10

Fruit and vegetables.

Question 11

What do minerals do?

Answer 11

Keep main body components healthy (teeth, nerves)

Question 12

What are salt and milk sources of?

Answer 12

Minerals (sodium and calcium)

Question 13

What nutrient is needed for cells, bodily fluids and many chemical reactions?

Answer 13

water

Question 14

What are some sources of water?

Answer 14

Water, fruit juice and milk.

Question 15

What does fibre provide?

Answer 15

Roughage and keeps food moving through the gut

Question 16

What are cereals, vegetables and beans sources of?

Answer 16

Fibre

Question 17

True or false: different people have different energy requirements.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

What do energy requirements depend on?

Answer 18

A person’s activity level, age and body mass.

Question 19

How do you prepare a sample for a food test?

Answer 19

1. Crush food with a pestle and mortar. 2. Add this to a test tube. 3. Add a few drops of distilled water. 4. Mix thoroughly.

Question 20

Why do people use distilled water in food tests?

Answer 20

Because it has had many impurities removed, and, therefore, will not interfere with the results.

Question 21

What is the chemical used to test for starch?

Answer 21

Iodine solution

Question 22

What is the result of a positive test for starch?

Answer 22

The solution will turn from orange –> blue-black.

Question 23

What is Biuret solution used to test for?

Answer 23

Protein

Question 24

What is the result of a positive test for protein?

Answer 24

The solution will turn from pale blue –> purple

Question 25

What is the chemical used to test for sugar?

Answer 25

Benedict’s solution

Question 26

What is the result of a positive test for sugar?

Answer 26

The solution will turn from blue –> orange

Question 27

What is an ethanol and water solution used to test for?

Answer 27

Lipids

Question 28

What is the result of a positive test for lipids?

Answer 28

The solution will turn from clear –> cloudy

Question 29

Define overnutrition:

Answer 29

regularly consuming more energy than is expended

Question 30

What are some health problems caused by overnutrition?

Answer 30

Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes.

Question 31

What are the effects of obesity?

Answer 31

High blood pressure, high cholesterol, a reduced effect of insulin

Question 32

What are type 2 diabetes, heart disease, strokes and cancer consequences of?

Answer 32

Obesity

Question 33

What is type 2 diabetes?

Answer 33

When the body struggles to maintain the level of glucose in the blood.

Question 34

What is it called when people don’t get enough food to eat?

Answer 34

Starvation

Question 35

What are some effects of starvation?

Answer 35

Slow growth, being more likely to get infections and irregular menstrual cycles.

Question 36

What causes deficiency diseases?

Answer 36

When a body doesn’t get enough vitamins or minerals.

Question 37

What can a lack of vitamin C cause?

Answer 37

Scurvy

Question 38

What is the formula for calculating a daily basic energy requirement?

Answer 38

Daily BER (kj/day) = 5.4 x 24 hours x body mass (kg)