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Science Y8 > Chemical Reactions > Flashcards

Chemical Reactions Flashcards

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1
Q

Fill in the missing words in these indicators of a chemical reaction:
Production of a _____, effervesense (_______ or bubbling).
Temperature ________.
_______ of light.
________ colour change.
Formation of a _________ (an insoluble solid formed from solutions)

A

Production of a GAS, effervesense (FIZZING or bubbling).
Temperature CHANGE.
PRODUCTION of light.
PERMANENT colour change.
Formation of a PRECIPITATE (an insoluble solid formed from solutions)

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2
Q

During a chemical reaction atoms are rearranged to form what?

A

different compounds or elements and compounds.

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3
Q

what scale is used to show the strength of acids and alkalis?

A

PH scale

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4
Q

what is the range on the pH scale of acids?

A

0 - 6

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5
Q

Is 6 on the pH scale a strong or weak acid?

A

weak acid

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6
Q

what is the range on the pH scale of alkalis?

A

8-14

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7
Q

is 13 on the pH a strong Acid or Alkali?

A

Alkali

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8
Q

What number on the pH scale represents a neutral substance?

A

7

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9
Q

what is added to a liquid to give a pH reading?

A

colour universal indicator

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10
Q

what does pH stand for?

A

potential of Hydrogen

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11
Q

give 2 examples of common acids

A

lemon, vinegar, orange juice

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12
Q

give 2 examples of common alkalis found in a home

A

bleach, soap, baking soda

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13
Q

where on the pH scale would tap water commonly sit?

A

pH 7

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14
Q

where on the pH scale would stomach acid commonly sit and would the indicator give a red or purple result?

A

pH 1 - strong red

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15
Q

what colour would a substance that is neutral on the pH scale usually turn with universal indicator

A

Green

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16
Q

what type of reaction is described here:

A chemical reaction where an acid reacts with an alkali to form salt and water.

A

Neutralisation reaction

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17
Q

what is the general word equation for a neutralisation reaction?

A

Acid + Alkali —-> Salt + Water

18
Q

When naming salts formed in neutralisation reactions does the first word come from the acid or the alkali?

A

Alkali, the second word comes from the acid.

19
Q

what are the the products from this reaction:

Hydrochloric Acid + Sodium Hydroxide

A

—-> Sodium Chloride + Water

20
Q

When a substance is burned in air what element from the air is it reacting with?

A

Oxygen

21
Q

What colour flame is produced when magnesium is burned in air?

A

bright white

22
Q

what are the 3 indicators that a chemical reaction is taking place when magnesium is burned in air?

A
  1. production of light, 2. temperature change, 3. change in appearance.
23
Q

what is produced when magnesium is burned and reacts with oxygen?

A

Magnesium + Oxygen —> Magnesium Oxide

24
Q

what is the product of this reaction:

2Mg + O2

A

2MgO

25
Q

Describe combustion

A

fuel is burned in oxygen to release light and energy

26
Q

What 3 things are needed for combustion to take place?

A
  1. Oxygen, 2. Heat, 3. Fuel
27
Q

What is a compound of Hydrogen and Carbon called

A

Hydrocarbon

28
Q

what is the word equation to describe complete combustion of a hydrocarbon

A

Hydrocarbon + Oxygen —> Carbon Dioxide + Water

29
Q

Is complete or incomplete combustion used to describe the process of a Hydrocarbon burning in limited oxygen?

A

Incomplete

30
Q

Is complete or incomplete combustion used to describe the process of a Hydrocarbon burning in excess oxygen?

A

Complete

31
Q

What is produced when incomplete combustion of a hydrocarbon take place?

A

either CO (Carbon Monoxide) + Water, or C (Carbon) + Water

32
Q

What is the name of a reaction that releases energy as either heat or light?

A

Exothermic

33
Q

Why are some reactions exothermic

A

the total energy of the product is less than the total energy of the reactants.

34
Q

Describe endothermic reactions

A

Reactions that take in energy from the surroundings

35
Q

Is mass lost or gained in chemical reactions?

A

No - no mass is lost or gained.

36
Q

What is the common name for the gaining of oxygen in a chemical reaction?

A

Oxidation

37
Q

what is described here:

A substance reacts and combines with Oxygen.

A

An oxidation reaction.

38
Q

is combustion an oxidation reaction?

A

Yes

39
Q

Give an (not combustion) example of a common oxidation reaction

A

Rusting

40
Q

In rusting what element is reacting with the Oxygen in the air?

A

Iron to form Iron oxide.

41
Q

Give the word formula for rusting

A

Iron + Oxygen —> Iron Oxide

Science Y8 (15 decks)

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