Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Health Class ERM > Nutrients > Flashcards

Nutrients Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three classes of nutrients that provide the body with energy?

A

Carbohydrates, proteins and fats.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are nutrients?

A

Substances that the body requires to regulate bodily functions, promote growth, and repair body tissues and obtain energy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the classes of nutrients?

A

There are six:

Carbohydrates
Fats
Proteins
Vitamins
Minerals
Water
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Beef, Pork, and Chicken provide most of what nutrient?

A

Protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is metabolism?

A

Metabolism is the chemical process by which your body breaks down foods to release energy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the amount of energy released when food is broken down called?

A

Calories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

More calories means…

A

…more energy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How should the number of calories you eat match the number of calories you use.

A

You should eat the same number of calories as you use.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When planning meals, you should consider the _________ content of meals as well as the nutrients.

A

Calorie

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are carbohydrates?

A

Nutrients made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the types of carbohydrates?

A

Simple and complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are simple carbohydrates

A

Sugars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are complex carbohydrates?

A

Starches, which are chains of simple carbohydrates.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where do you find simple carbohydrates?

A

Fruits, vegetables, and milk.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the most important sugar?

A

Glucose, because it is the major provider of energy for your body cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are all sugars converted to in your body?

A

Glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What kind of carbohydrate is starch?

A

Complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is fiber?

A

A type of complex carbohydrate found in plants.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Why is fiber not considered a nutrient?

A

It can’t be broken down and absorbed into the bloodstream.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What helps prevent constipation?

A

A high fiber diet.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does a high fiber diet do for you?

A

Prevent colon cancer, heart disease, and constipation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How much of your diet should be carboydrates?

A

45-65%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What should be 45-65% of your diet?

A

Carbohydrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Should you eat more simple or complex carbs? Why?

A

More complex. They provide sustained energy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What are fats made of?

A

Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, just like carbohydrates, but in different proportions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What do fats do?

A

Provide energy, protect nerves, supply energy, and form cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What are the different kinds of fats?

A

Unsaturated, saturated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What are unsaturated fats?

A

Fats which have at least one place a hydrogen atom can be added.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What are saturated fats?

A

Saturated fats have all the hydrogen atmos the carbon atoms can hold.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Examples of saturated fats?

A

Lard, dairy products

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Are saturated fats usually solid or liquid at room temperature?

A

Usually solid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

How much of your diet should be fats?

A

20-35%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What are trans fats?

A

Made when manufacturers add hydrogen atoms to the fats in vegetable oils.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What is cholesterol?

A

A waxy, fat like substance found only in animal products

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What does a diet high in fat and cholesterol cause?

A

High blood pressure, plaque build up, depriving the heart of oxygen, leading to a heart attack.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What are proteins?

A

Nutrients that contain nitrogen as well as carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. A source of energy, but most important for growth and repair of body tissues.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What are amino acids?

A

The small links, that when bound together, form proteins?

38
Q

What are proteins made of?

A

Amino acids, and Nitrogen, Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen.

39
Q

How many amino acids are there?

A

20

40
Q

How many amino acids are essential? Why?

A
  1. The body can’t make them. They must be obtained from food.
41
Q

What are the three nutrients that do not supply the body with energy?

A

Water, vitamins, minerals.

42
Q

What are vitamins?

A

Nutrients made by living things, required in small amounts to help the body processes. They assist many chemical reactions in the body.

43
Q

What are minerals?

A

Occur naturally in soil and rock, and are needed in small amounts.

44
Q

Why is water a nutrient?

A

It is required for all life processes including production of energy.

45
Q

What is scurvy?

A

An illness caused by lack of vitamin C.

46
Q

How do you cure scurvy?

A

Eat citrus fruit. This is why British sailors were called limeys.

47
Q

Can your body make vitamins?

A

Some. The skin makes vitamin D.

48
Q

What are the two classes of vitamins?

A

Fat soluble

Water soluble.

49
Q

Where are water soluble vitamins found?

A

Fruits

50
Q

What’s the difference between water and fat soluble vitamins?

A

Water soluble vitamins can’t be stored in the body.

51
Q

What are antioxidants?

A

Vitamins that protect healthy cells from damage caused by aging and certain types of cancer.

52
Q

Why are some fat soluble vitamins added to low fat products?

A

Some fat substitutes prevent absorption of fat soluble vitamins.

53
Q

How much minerals does your body require?

A

Only a small amount.

54
Q

Where do minerals come from?

A

Plants absorb them from soil and rocks. Animals get them from eating the plants.

55
Q

What is calcium important for?

A

Blood clotting, nervous system functions. formation of bones and teeth.

56
Q

What are good sources of calcium

A

Milk and dairy, some green vegetables.

57
Q

What is potassium for?

A

Water balance. Lowers blood pressure.

58
Q

What is iron for?

A

Healthy red blood cells. Builds muscle mass.

59
Q

What does insufficient iron cause?

A

Anemia

60
Q

What is hemoglobin?

A

An iron containing substance in the blood that carries oxygen.

61
Q

What is anemia?

A

A condition where the blood doesn’t have enough hemoglobin. Causes weakness, tiredness, and people to become sick easily.

62
Q

What is sodium?

A

Heart function, water balance. Can cause high blood pressure.

63
Q

What is a major source of sodium?

A

Salt.

64
Q

Which do people eat too much of, Sodium or Potassium?

A

Sodium

65
Q

Who should advise you about how much of a nutrient to take?

A

A health care provider

66
Q

Why do people eat?

A

To meet their nutritional needs
Satisfy their hunger
Supply their body with energy

67
Q

What is Basal Metabolic Rate?

A

The amount of energy your body requires when at rest.

68
Q

What is hunger?

A

A feeling of physical discomfort caused by your body’s needs for nutrition?

69
Q

What is appetite?

A

A feeling caused by emotional needs, not physical need for nutrition. Like eating popcorn because it smells good.

70
Q

What influences eating habits?

A

Cultural Background

71
Q

How is hunger different from appetite?

A

Appetite is a learned response, hunger is an inborne response.

72
Q

Does a person with a higher BMR get hungry faster or slower than someone with a low BMR?

A

Higher BMR gets hungry quicker.

73
Q

What does a food label include?

A 
Nutrient facts
Nutrients
Health claims
Daily values
Freshness dates
74
Q

What does a food label include?

A 
Nutrient facts
Nutrients
Health claims
Daily values
Freshness dates
Ingredients
Calories
75
Q

What are health claims?

A

Statements that link use of foods to certain risks or benefits

76
Q

What does fat free mean?

A

Less than 0.5 grams of sugar

77
Q

What dose low calorie mean?

A

Less than 40 calories

78
Q

What does low sodium mean?

A

Less than 140 milligrams

79
Q

What is high in vitamin C?

A

More than 20% of the daily recommended value

80
Q

What does “Excellent source of…” mean?

A

Provides more than 20% of the daily recommended value

81
Q

Where can you find the most reliable information on the nutritional content of foods?

A

On the food label

82
Q

Why are daily values only a guide on what you need to eat each day?

A

They’re based on someone who eats an average of 2,000 calories a day. You may need a different number of calories.

83
Q

Does Basal Metabolic Rate influence hunger or appetite?

A

Hunger

84
Q

Does cultural background influence hunger or appetite?

A

Appetite

85
Q

Do friends influence hunger or appetite?

A

Appetite

86
Q

Does media influence hunger or appetite?

A

Appetite

87
Q

How can vegetarians get the essential amino acides?

A

Vegetarians can combine two or more plant protein sources that, taken together, provide all the essential amino acids.

88
Q

How many classes of vitamins are there?

A

Two: water soluble and fat soluble.

89
Q

What nutrient contains nitrogen in addition to carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen?

A

Proteins

90
Q

What category is used to list ingredients on a food label?

A

Weight, from highest to lowest.

91
Q

Vitamins A, D, E, and K are _______ vitamins.

A

Fat soluble.

92
Q

What 7 minerals does the body need in significant amounts?

A

Magnesium, Phosphorus, chlorine, sulfur, calcium, sodium, and potassium.

Health Class ERM (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions