Nutrient Digestion- Carbohydrates and Proteins

Question 1

Name 3 monosaccharides

Answer 1

Glucose, Galactose and Fructose

Question 2

Where are the breakdown products of carbs absorbed?

Answer 2

Small intestine

Question 3

Where are disaccharides broken down and absorbed?

Answer 3

Broken down by brush boarder enzymes in the small intestine

Question 4

Name the enzyme that breaks down starch

Answer 4

Α-amylose

Question 5

Name the 2 epithelial membranes

Answer 5

Basolateral membrane and apical membrane (brush boarder)

Question 6

Name the junctions between epithelial cells

Answer 6

Tight junctions between the cells

Question 7

Name the pathway that describes substances moving between cells

Answer 7

Paracellular pathway

Question 8

Name the pathway that describes substances moving through cells

Answer 8

Transcellular pathway

Question 9

What is another word for direct transport?

Answer 9

Vectorial pathway

Question 10

What does SGLT1 stand for?

Answer 10

Sodium Glucose Linked Transporter 1

Question 11

How much glucose is there in the blood?

Answer 11

Normally 5mm/L

Question 12

How does glucose exit the cell?

Answer 12

GLUT-2 transporter

Question 13

How do proteases/peptidases work?

Answer 13

They hydrolyse peptide bonds which reduce proteins and peptides to amino acids

Question 14

Name the 2 types of peptidases and where they work

Answer 14

Endopeptidases-Act on interior amino acids and not terminal

Exopeptidases- Act on terminal amino acids

Question 15

Name 2 exopeptidases

Answer 15

Aminopeptidase and carboxypeptidase

Question 16

How do di and tripeptides enter the cell?

Answer 16

Through PepT1 transporter

Question 17

How is sodium transported into the cell (amino acids)?

Answer 17

NHE3 transporter

Question 18

What do amino acids depend on to move into and out of the cell?

Answer 18

Hydrogen ions