Nutrient Digestion- Carbohydrates and Proteins Flashcards
Name 3 monosaccharides
Glucose, Galactose and Fructose
Where are the breakdown products of carbs absorbed?
Small intestine
Where are disaccharides broken down and absorbed?
Broken down by brush boarder enzymes in the small intestine
Name the enzyme that breaks down starch
Α-amylose
Name the 2 epithelial membranes
Basolateral membrane and apical membrane (brush boarder)
Name the junctions between epithelial cells
Tight junctions between the cells
Name the pathway that describes substances moving between cells
Paracellular pathway
Name the pathway that describes substances moving through cells
Transcellular pathway
What is another word for direct transport?
Vectorial pathway
What does SGLT1 stand for?
Sodium Glucose Linked Transporter 1
How much glucose is there in the blood?
Normally 5mm/L
How does glucose exit the cell?
GLUT-2 transporter
How do proteases/peptidases work?
They hydrolyse peptide bonds which reduce proteins and peptides to amino acids
Name the 2 types of peptidases and where they work
Endopeptidases-Act on interior amino acids and not terminal
Exopeptidases- Act on terminal amino acids
Name 2 exopeptidases
Aminopeptidase and carboxypeptidase
How do di and tripeptides enter the cell?
Through PepT1 transporter
How is sodium transported into the cell (amino acids)?
NHE3 transporter
What do amino acids depend on to move into and out of the cell?
Hydrogen ions
