Grand Tour of the Alimentary Canal Flashcards
Which organs have stratified squamous epithelium?
Mouth, oesophagus and anal canal
Which organs have simple columnar epithelium?
Stomach, small and large intestine
Name the four layers
Mucosa
Sub-mucosa
Muscularis externa Serosa/adventitia
Name the three sublayers of the mucosa
Epithelium
Lamina propria Muscularis mucosae
What does the epithelium do?
Barrier separating alimentary canal from your body, absorbs the products of digestion
What is the lamina propria made up of?
Loose connective tissue
What is the muscularis mucosa made up of?
Thin smooth muscle layer
What is the name of the neurones in the submucosa?
Extensive network called Meissners Plexus
Where are there submucosal glands?
Oesophagus and duodenum
Where does the outside peritoneal cavity of the serosa/adventitia extend?
Attaches oesophagus and rectum to surrounding structures
Where does the inside peritoneal cavity of the serosa/adventitia extend?
Serosa surrounds stomach, small and large intestine
Name the 2 muscle layers of the muscularis externa
Inner layer-circular muscle constricts lumen
Outer layer-longitudinal muscle shortens tube
Name the nerve plexus between the 2 layers of the muscularis externa
Myenteric plexus is between the circular and longitudinal muscles
What is the enteric nervous system made up of?
The submucosal plexus and myenteric plexus
What nerve is the parasympathetic and what does it control?
It is the vagus nerve and it increases secretion and motility
What nerve is the sympathetic and what does it control?
Splenic nerve- inhibits secretion and motility
What is salivation controlled by?
Facial and glossopharyngeal
What does the celiac trunk supply?
Stomach, small intestine, pancreas and liver
What does the superior mesenteric artery supply?
Small intestine, caecum, ascending colon and transverse colon
What does the inferior mesenteric artery supply?
Descending colon, sigmoid colon and rectum
What vein drains the stomach?
Gastric vein
What vein drains the pancreas?
Splenic vein
How does oxygenated blood get to the liver?
Hepatic artery
How do nutrients get to the liver?
Hepatic Portal Vein
