Nursing Theories - Carl Rogers, Ludwig Von Bertalanffy, Kurt Lewin, Erik Erikson Flashcards
is the most important nature of personality, and it
includes all the thoughts, feelings, and beliefs people have about
themselves
SELF-CONCEPT
HE believed thar there should be agreement on the self-concept
according to self and according to others to facilitate self-actualization
Carl Rogers
pagkakakilala sa sarili natin
johari’s Window
Self Concept
T or F
we need to establish the patients awareness to their illness
True
Form of talk-therapy
Aims to provide clients with an opportunity to develop a sense of self wherein they can realize how their attitudes, feelings, and behavior are being negatively affected and make an effort to find their true positive potential
Client-Centered Therapy
approach that each patient is unique
Individualized Approach
HE believed that each person experiences the world
differently and knows his or her own experiences best
Carl Rogers 1961
_________is a set of components or units interacting with each other
within a boundary that filters the kind or rate of flow of inputs and
outputs to and from the system
System
2 Types of System?
open system
closed system
Move in the direction of higher organization
more on positive side
Open System
Move toward disorder, illness, and death
More on the negative side
Closed System
Continually interacting with and being influenced by other systems in the environment (continuously innovates so we need to adapt)
Open System
could be open or closed
System
Do not exchange matter, energy, and information with the environment
Closed System
Constantly affected by the environment
Always on a constant state of change
o Willing to learn and open to different changes
o Enhances learning
Open System
Does not receive input from the environment and gives no output to the environment
o Do not want to entertain changes and learn
o Does not collaborate with anyone
Closed System
T or F
The interrelatedness of all parts of the system is the basis of the individualize approach of the nurse
False
all system basis is the wholistic approach of a nurse not individualized
T or F
Every individual, having biological and social systems have subsystems diverging with each other
False
biological and social subsystems are INTERACTING
not diverging
Focused on the subjective reality of an individual
Field theory
Point of views or words that are verbalized by the patient
how he views the world
Subjected Reality
Realities in the environment of an individual that are working together to
move towards or against his or her goal
Field
T or F
field is limited only to feelings and perception
Field is SHOULD NOT limited to the feelings/perception
How world really is or how the world sees it
Objective Reality
subjective concept of a person about himself
Life Space
3 Life Space
behavior depends on the 3 major life space:
Home Life
Professional/Student Life
Social Life
T or F each sentences
An individual lives in a life space: his environment
_____ forces act on him (things, conditions, situations)
Incudes his ______, ideas, ______, feelings, _____, insights that
constitute the internal forces that interact within him
T
External-T
drives, concept, attitudes
Human behavior is the function of both the person and environment
Human motivation is goal-directed and purposeful
Human behavior is greatly influenced by the surroundings
concept under Field Theory by Kurt Lewin
Asserts that previous or prior learning has to be rejected and replaced
before change can manifest
Change Theory
3 Stages of Change?
Unfreeze
Change
Refreeze
resistance force
Patient
sufficient dissatisfaction with the current conditions
that leads to a real desire to make a change (facilitate motivation)
Change
Activities that facilitate change?
o Limitation of role model
o Trial and error learning
readiness and motivation to change
Present behavior is established by past learning and cultural
influences
requires adding new force for change or removal of some of the
existing factors that inhibits change to manifest
Unfreeze
driving force
Nursed
New behavior becomes habitual, which includes developing a
new self-concept and identity and establishing new interpersonal
relationships
Refereeze
T or F
People continue to develop throughout life
True
Psychosocial Development Theory by Erik Erikson
18 months – 3 years
Autonomy VS Shame & Doubt
TODDLER
• Achieving a sense of control and free will
•WILL
T or F
Environment is highly influential in the development of an individual
True
65 – death
Ego Integrity VS Despair
OLD AGE
• Accepting responsibility for one’s self and
others, MATURITY
• Wisdom
Birth – 18 months
UNDER AND LEVEL WHAT?
WHAT WE NEED TO ACHIEVE?
Trust VS Mistrust
INFANCY
• Viewing the world as safe and reliable
• Relationships should be nurturing, stable, and
dependable
• Hope
25 – 65 years
Generativity VS Stagnation
MIDDLE ADULTHOOD
- Being creative and productive
- Establishing the next generation
• Care
T or F
Each stages in Psychosocial developmental theory signifies a task to be accomplished by an individual so as to move forward to the next task
Failure to complete a developmental stage influences the person’s
ability to progress to the next level
True
3 – 5 years
Initiative VS Guilt
PRESCHOOL
-right or wrong
• Beginning development of conscience, learning
to manage conflict and anxiety
• Purpose
12 – 18 years
identifying sex characteristic
Identity VS Role
Confusion
ADOLESCENCE
• Establishing a sense of self and belonging
• Fidelity
example: idealism/isolation, sexuality
There are 9 stages of development or levels of achievement
False
only 8
6 – 12 years
Industry VS Inferiority
SCHOOL AGE
- Emerging confidence in own abilities
- Taking pleasure in accomplishments
• Competence
18 – 25 years
Intimacy VS Isolation
YOUNG ADULT
• Forming adult, loving relationships and
meaningful attachment to others
• Love
who or what is mentioned as “field”
the person
