Nursing Other important stuff

Question 1

What is the biomedical model of care in NZ

Answer 1

BIOMEDICAL
This model focuses on biological factors and treating sick individuals, rather than the social and environmental influences on health. It’s the leading model for diagnosing and treating conditions in most Western countries

Question 2

What is the Ottawa Charter

Answer 2

The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion is a document that outlines strategies and approaches for improving health.

1986 WHO

Question 3

What is an example of the nursing process

Answer 3

A assessment including clinical examination

D nursing diagnoses

P planning

I nursing interventions

E evaluation

Question 4

What are the 4 types of social support that come under resilience for nurses and for patients

Answer 4

CONCRETE support: relates to practical acts of assistance
between people, eg arranging for child minding

EMOTIONAL support comprises acts of empathy, listening and
generally ‘being there’ for someone when needed.

ADVICE support goes beyond the advice/information itself to the
reassurance that goes with it, motivational interviewing and
empowering processes.

ESTEEM support centers on how one person rates and informs
another of their personal worth, eg: unconditional regard,
commitment and focus on positive gains

Question 5

Outline the basic principles of the chain of infection

Answer 5

1. Infectious Agent (Pathogen)
2. Reservoir (Source of Infection) - place where infection agent lives
3. Portal of Exit - path it takes to leave the host
4. Mode of Transmission - they way it moves from one to another
5. Portal of Entry - where it enters new host
6. Susceptible Host - weak immunity

Question 6

How to you break the chain of infection

Answer 6

To break the chain and prevent infection transmission, nurses must focus on disrupting one or more of these links:

Hand hygiene: Regular handwashing and use of hand sanitizers.
Personal protective equipment (PPE): Use of gloves, masks, gowns, and eye protection as appropriate.
Environmental cleaning and disinfection: Maintaining a clean and sterile environment.
Vaccination: Ensuring patients and staff are up to date on vaccines.
Education: Teaching patients and healthcare workers about infection prevention practices.

Question 7

What is ISBAR

Answer 7

I – Identity
Introduce yourself and the patient. Include your name, role, and the patient’s name, age, and any relevant identifiers (e.g., patient ID number).

S – Situation
Describe the current situation or reason for the handover. Why are you contacting the person, and what is happening with the patient right now? Keep it clear and concise.

B – Background
Provide relevant background information about the patient, such as medical history, recent treatments, or significant changes in their condition. This helps the recipient understand the context.

A – Assessment
Give your clinical assessment of the situation. What is your evaluation of the patient’s condition or any concerns you have? Include vital signs, test results, or observations that are important.

R – Recommendation
State what you recommend should happen next. This could include treatment actions, further monitoring, or changes in the patient’s care plan.