NURSING CARE FOR ARRYTHMIAS PTs Flashcards
1
Q
Electrocardiogram
A
- shows 12 lead (views), standard view for practice
- Waveforms Upright in Lead II…easier to read
- PT must be supine
2
Q
Isoelectric Line
A
- no electrical current (i.e. PT not attached to monitor
- baseline
- straight line
3
Q
P Wave
A
- 1st wave, shows atrial depolarization
- should always appear rounded and upright
4
Q
P-R Interval
A
- Time it takes an impulse to travel from SA to AV node
- Beginning of P-wave to Beginning of QRS complex
- 0.12 to 0.20 Seconds normal time interval (or 3-5 tiny boxes..which are 0.04 seconds/ea.)
5
Q
QRS Complex
NOT the QRS Interval
A
- After P Wave
- Q Wave is First Downward Deflection after P-wave
- R Wave is First Upward Deflection
- S Wave Second Negative Deflection if Q Wave/ First Negative Deflection after R Wave
- QRS shows Ventricular Depolarization
- S wave ends when its back to isoelectric line
6
Q
QRS Interval
A
- Shows time it takes an impulse to travel from AV node to the ventricles (0.06-0.10 seconds or 1.5-2.5 tiny boxes)
- Beginning of QRS to End of QRS
- AV node through ventricles
7
Q
T Wave
A
- ventricular repolarization (resting)
- Contraction must occur 1st
- follows QRS Complex
- QRS Ventricular depolarization must occur before ventricular depolarization
- Inverted T wave (it’s upside down) can indicate ischemia
- Normal T wave: rounded and facing upward
8
Q
QT Interval
A
- beginning of Q wave to end of T Wave
- Ventricular depolarization & repolarization
- Prolonged or Shortened>Ventricular Arrhythmias
- (0.34-0.43)
- varies from gender, age, H.R.
9
Q
U wave
A
- rare
- hypokalemia
10
Q
ST segment
A
- checked for angina complaints
- Time from depolarization to repolarization (from contracting to resting)
- End of QRS to Beginning of T Wave
- segment elevates with ischemia/cardiac injury
- segment can also depress with ischemia
11
Q
Reading Cardiac Rhythms
A
- Measure of mini boxes between R to R is =
- Regular:# of tiny boxes/1500=H.R…irregular: # of Rs on 6-second stripX10=H.R.
- If there’s P-waves, they round/regular? must find arrythmia type if no P wave(s)
- P-R interval vary?
- QRS Complex normal? (0.06-0.10) Identical?
- QT Interval normal? (0.34-0.43)
12
Q
Normal Sinus Rules
A
- Rhythm: Regular
- Heart Rate: 60 to 100 bpm
- P Wave: Rounded, one Before each QRS
- PR Interval: 0.12 to 0.20 Seconds
- QRS Interval: 0.06 to 0.10 sec
- Begins in SA node
- Sinus: Impulse originates from S(sino)A node
13
Q
ARRHYTHMIAS
A
- Impulse can begin from atria, AV node, or ventricles
- Increased/decreased HR
14
Q
Sinus Bradycardia
A
- Impulse from SA node but slow
- HR less than 60 BPM..can show S/S at 50
- electrolyte imbalance, meds, M.I.
- Tx: treat cause, atropine via IV, transcutaneous pacing
15
Q
Sinus Bradycardia Rules
A
- Rhythm: Regular
- Heart Rate: < 60 bpm
- P Waves: Rounded, Before Each QRS
- Normal PR & QRS interval