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NURS 317 Flashcards

1
Q

Alopeica

A

Hair Loss or baldness

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2
Q

Caries

A

Cavities of the teeth

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3
Q

Ceruman

A

Wax of the ear canal, consisting of heavy oil and brown pigment

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4
Q

Ageism

A

Stereotypic and often negative perception of older adults

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5
Q

Types of exercise (muscle contraction)

A
  • Isotonic
  • Isometric
  • Isokinetic
  • Aerobic
  • Stretching
  • Strength
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6
Q

Isokinetic

A

Muscle contraction with resistance

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7
Q

Isotonic

A

Muscle shortening with movement (e.g. walking, running, swimming)

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8
Q

Isometric

A

Muscle contraction without shortening

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9
Q

Aerobic

A

Sustained muscle movement that increases O2 need

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10
Q

Stretching

A

Stretching through full ROM (e.g. warm up/cool down, yoga)

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11
Q

Strength

A

Weight training, isometric

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12
Q

Body alignment is a function of______

A

Mobility

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13
Q

Balance

A

Postural reflexes.

Relates to body positioning and where limbs and body parts are

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14
Q

Coordinated movement

A

Lifting, moving objects, mobility

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15
Q

Labyrinthine

A

relates to auditory balance and equilibrium. Fluid plays a major role here

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16
Q

Age-Related Changes Musculoskeletal System: Bones

A
  • Decreases bone mass

- Potential for osteoporosis

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17
Q

Age-Related Changes Musculoskeletal System: Muscles

A
  • Decline in motor function
  • Loss of muscle mass and strength
  • Decreased endurance
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18
Q

Age-Related Changes Musculoskeletal System: Joints and connective tissue

A
  • Wear and tear
  • Loss of cartilage
  • Decreased synovial fluid
  • Degeneration of collagen
  • Impaired flexion and extension
  • Decreased flexibility
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19
Q

Physical Assessment for mobility

A
  • General ease of movement and gait
  • Alignment
  • Joint structure and function
  • Muscle mass, tone, and strength
  • Endurance
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20
Q

ADL

A

Activities of Daily Living

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21
Q

Contractures

A

Condition of shortening and hardening of muscles, tendons, or other tissue, often leading to deformity and rigidity of joints

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22
Q

Cause of contractures

A

Inactivity and prolonged bed rest

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23
Q

Method to prevent contractures

A

Passive and active range of motion activities

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24
Q

ROM

A

Range Of Motion

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25
Fowler's position
Head elevated and legs extended
26
Supine or dorsal recumbent position
Laying on back
27
Side-lying or lateral position
SIMS or laying on side
28
Prone position
Laying on tummy
29
How frequently should a Pt be re-positioned?
Q2H
30
ADL's essential for daily living:
``` Bathing Dressing Eating Elimination Mobility ```
31
What defines the primary cause of disability?
Lack of ADL
32
Katz Index
Used to evaluate ADL independence
33
IADL
Instrumental Activities of Daily Living: - telephone - transportation - shopping - preparing meals - housework - medication
34
Factors affecting Personal hygiene
``` Culture Socioeconomic class spiritual practices developmental level heath state personal preferences ```
35
Self care
Completely independent
36
Partial assistance
Nurse provides equipment, positions client in bed, and client completes bath expect for back and feet
37
Complete assistance
Nurse completes all tasks
38
Factors to consider when examining skin:
``` Cleanliness color temperature turgor (elasticity) moisture sensation vascularity evidence of lesion ```
39
Urgency
feeling that a person needs to void
40
Polyuria
abnormal increase in urine
41
Dysuria
voiding that is painful
42
anuria
not producing urine
43
Nocturia
waking 2 X or more a night to void
44
Oliguria
Low urine output
45
Healthy BMI range for adults
20 - 25
46
Underweight BMI
47
Overweight BMI range
25 - 29
48
Obese BMI
>30
49
`urinary distention
inability to urinate causes distention in stomach
50
sexual active women; women who use contraceptive diaphragms; postmenopausal women, diabetics, indwelling catheter patients are prone for.....
UTI
51
4 types of incontinance
Stress - sneezing, laughing Urge - Sudden need to go Functional - Fully continent but immobility causes incontinence Overflow - Full bladder, BPH
52
bowel incontenance
Loss of voluntary bowel control
53
Xerostomia
dry mouth and dsyphasia
54
fecal impaction
collection of hardened feces; only liquid fecal seepage seen
55
GERD
Gastroesophygeal reflux disease; burning in the esophagus
56
gastrostomy
into stomach
57
Jejunostomy
into the jejunum
58
Iliostomy
into the ilium, permanent or temp
59
Colostomy
into the colon; can be placed anywhere in the colon
60
Red beefy color in a stoma indicates what?
normal appearance
61
BMR
Basic Metabolic Rate
62
TPN
Total parenteral nutrition
63
Nasal canula flow rate
2 - 6 L @ 25 - 45%
64
Non-rebreather mask
10 - 15 L @ 100%
65
Simple mask
5 - 8 L @ 40 - 60%
66
ABG measures?
Oxygen, CO2, pH levels, HCO3 (bicarb)
67
peak flow
expiratory flow rate
68
Kussmaul breathing
respirations seen with acidosis
69
orthopnea
elevated sleeping
70
tachypnea
respirations above 20 minute
71
Badypnea
Respirations below 10 per minute
72
gasps of air followed by long periods of non-breathing
Cheyne Stokes

Nursing (18 decks)

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