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Nursing > NURS 317 > Flashcards

NURS 317 Flashcards

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1
Q

Alopeica

A

Hair Loss or baldness

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2
Q

Caries

A

Cavities of the teeth

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3
Q

Ceruman

A

Wax of the ear canal, consisting of heavy oil and brown pigment

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4
Q

Ageism

A

Stereotypic and often negative perception of older adults

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5
Q

Types of exercise (muscle contraction)

A
  • Isotonic
  • Isometric
  • Isokinetic
  • Aerobic
  • Stretching
  • Strength
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6
Q

Isokinetic

A

Muscle contraction with resistance

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7
Q

Isotonic

A

Muscle shortening with movement (e.g. walking, running, swimming)

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8
Q

Isometric

A

Muscle contraction without shortening

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9
Q

Aerobic

A

Sustained muscle movement that increases O2 need

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10
Q

Stretching

A

Stretching through full ROM (e.g. warm up/cool down, yoga)

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11
Q

Strength

A

Weight training, isometric

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12
Q

Body alignment is a function of______

A

Mobility

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13
Q

Balance

A

Postural reflexes.

Relates to body positioning and where limbs and body parts are

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14
Q

Coordinated movement

A

Lifting, moving objects, mobility

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15
Q

Labyrinthine

A

relates to auditory balance and equilibrium. Fluid plays a major role here

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16
Q

Age-Related Changes Musculoskeletal System: Bones

A
  • Decreases bone mass

- Potential for osteoporosis

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17
Q

Age-Related Changes Musculoskeletal System: Muscles

A
  • Decline in motor function
  • Loss of muscle mass and strength
  • Decreased endurance
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18
Q

Age-Related Changes Musculoskeletal System: Joints and connective tissue

A
  • Wear and tear
  • Loss of cartilage
  • Decreased synovial fluid
  • Degeneration of collagen
  • Impaired flexion and extension
  • Decreased flexibility
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19
Q

Physical Assessment for mobility

A
  • General ease of movement and gait
  • Alignment
  • Joint structure and function
  • Muscle mass, tone, and strength
  • Endurance
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20
Q

ADL

A

Activities of Daily Living

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21
Q

Contractures

A

Condition of shortening and hardening of muscles, tendons, or other tissue, often leading to deformity and rigidity of joints

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22
Q

Cause of contractures

A

Inactivity and prolonged bed rest

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23
Q

Method to prevent contractures

A

Passive and active range of motion activities

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24
Q

ROM

A

Range Of Motion

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25
Q

Fowler’s position

A

Head elevated and legs extended

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26
Q

Supine or dorsal recumbent position

A

Laying on back

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27
Q

Side-lying or lateral position

A

SIMS or laying on side

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28
Q

Prone position

A

Laying on tummy

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29
Q

How frequently should a Pt be re-positioned?

A

Q2H

30
Q

ADL’s essential for daily living:

A 
Bathing
Dressing
Eating
Elimination
Mobility
31
Q

What defines the primary cause of disability?

A

Lack of ADL

32
Q

Katz Index

A

Used to evaluate ADL independence

33
Q

IADL

A

Instrumental Activities of Daily Living:

  • telephone
  • transportation
  • shopping
  • preparing meals
  • housework
  • medication
34
Q

Factors affecting Personal hygiene

A 
Culture
Socioeconomic class
spiritual practices
developmental level
heath state
personal preferences
35
Q

Self care

A

Completely independent

36
Q

Partial assistance

A

Nurse provides equipment, positions client in bed, and client completes bath expect for back and feet

37
Q

Complete assistance

A

Nurse completes all tasks

38
Q

Factors to consider when examining skin:

A 
Cleanliness
color
temperature
turgor (elasticity)
moisture
sensation
vascularity
evidence of lesion
39
Q

Urgency

A

feeling that a person needs to void

40
Q

Polyuria

A

abnormal increase in urine

41
Q

Dysuria

A

voiding that is painful

42
Q

anuria

A

not producing urine

43
Q

Nocturia

A

waking 2 X or more a night to void

44
Q

Oliguria

A

Low urine output

45
Q

Healthy BMI range for adults

A

20 - 25

46
Q

Underweight BMI

A
47
Q

Overweight BMI range

A

25 - 29

48
Q

Obese BMI

A

> 30

49
Q

`urinary distention

A

inability to urinate causes distention in stomach

50
Q

sexual active women; women who use contraceptive diaphragms; postmenopausal women, diabetics, indwelling catheter patients are prone for…..

A

UTI

51
Q

4 types of incontinance

A

Stress - sneezing, laughing
Urge - Sudden need to go
Functional - Fully continent but immobility causes incontinence
Overflow - Full bladder, BPH

52
Q

bowel incontenance

A

Loss of voluntary bowel control

53
Q

Xerostomia

A

dry mouth and dsyphasia

54
Q

fecal impaction

A

collection of hardened feces; only liquid fecal seepage seen

55
Q

GERD

A

Gastroesophygeal reflux disease; burning in the esophagus

56
Q

gastrostomy

A

into stomach

57
Q

Jejunostomy

A

into the jejunum

58
Q

Iliostomy

A

into the ilium, permanent or temp

59
Q

Colostomy

A

into the colon; can be placed anywhere in the colon

60
Q

Red beefy color in a stoma indicates what?

A

normal appearance

61
Q

BMR

A

Basic Metabolic Rate

62
Q

TPN

A

Total parenteral nutrition

63
Q

Nasal canula flow rate

A

2 - 6 L @ 25 - 45%

64
Q

Non-rebreather mask

A

10 - 15 L @ 100%

65
Q

Simple mask

A

5 - 8 L @ 40 - 60%

66
Q

ABG measures?

A

Oxygen, CO2, pH levels, HCO3 (bicarb)

67
Q

peak flow

A

expiratory flow rate

68
Q

Kussmaul breathing

A

respirations seen with acidosis

69
Q

orthopnea

A

elevated sleeping

70
Q

tachypnea

A

respirations above 20 minute

71
Q

Badypnea

A

Respirations below 10 per minute

72
Q

gasps of air followed by long periods of non-breathing

A

Cheyne Stokes

Nursing (18 decks)

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