Numerical cognition 1: Non-symbolic number processing

Question 1

What percentage of adults have a numeracy level below that needed to function in every day life

Answer 1

24%

Question 2

What are the 2 systems involved in language independent numerosity processing

Answer 2

1) One system involved in small exact numerosity perception

2) One system involved in large approximate numerosity perception

Question 3

What is subitizing

Answer 3

Fast and accurare enumeration of small (3-4 items) numerical quantities

Question 4

Explain the findings of Piazza et al’s study

Answer 4

Subitizing limit is reduced in a dual task condition with a task that uses visuospatial memory compared to without.
Suggests that subitizing uses the visuospatial memory

Question 5

What is the Approximate number system (ANS)

Answer 5

A system involved in large approximate numerosity perception

Question 6

What is the main model of the ANS

Answer 6

The Gaussian curve of activation

Question 7

How does the weber fraction relate to accuracy of approximate number estimation

Answer 7

Lower the fraction, the smaller the width of the curves, less overlap, better accuracy

Question 8

Explain the findings of Xu e Spelke

Answer 8

6 month old infants can perceive ratio difference between 8 vs 16 but not 8 vs 12
10 month old infants can perceive ratio difference between 8 vs 12 but not 10 vs 12

Question 9

10 y old children with dyscalculia have similar ANS acuity abilities as typical children at which age?

Answer 9

5 years old

Question 10

What are 3 difficulties when studying the ANS

Answer 10

• Reliability is low
• Perceptual confounds need to be considered
• Is there a real ANS