Nucleic Acid Inhibitors

Question 1

Generations of fluoroquinolones

Answer 1

1st - quinolone (not used anymore)
2nd - ciprofloxacin
3rd - levofloxacin, ofloxacin
4th - moxifloxacin

Question 2

Fluoroquinolones

Mechanism

Answer 2

Bactericidal

Inhibit topoisomerase II for gram - and topoisomerase IV for gram +

Question 3

Fluoroquinolones

Clinical Use

Answer 3

Gram -, neisseria, pseudomonas, osteomyelitis

Question 4

Fluoroquinolones

Toxicity and contraindications

Answer 4

Tendinitis and tendon rupture
GI upset
don’t take with antacids
Don’t give to pregnant women/ children (cartilage damage)

Question 5

Metronidazole

Mechanism

Answer 5

Bactericidal

Forms free radicals that damage DNA

Question 6

Metronidazole

Clinical Use

Answer 6

GET GAP below the diaphragm

Giardia, Entameoba, Trichimonas, Gardenella vaginalis, Anaerobes, H. Pylori

Question 7

Metronidazole

Toxicity and contraindications

Answer 7

Headache
Metallic taste
No alcohol!

Question 8

Nitrofurantoin

Mechanism

Answer 8

Receive drug intermediates damage DNA, ribosomes, etc

Question 9

Nitrofurantoin

Clinical Use

Answer 9

UTIs

Question 10

Nitrofurantion

Toxicity

Answer 10

Hepatotoxicity
Pulmonary fibrosis
Lupis

Question 11

Rifampin

Mechanism

Answer 11

Inhibits DNA dependent RNA polymerase

Question 12

Rifampin

Clinical Use

Answer 12

First line for TB
Leprossy
Prophylaxis for Mengococcal infections

Question 13

Rifampin

Toxicity

Answer 13

Red/orange saliva, sweat, urine!
Jaundice
Elevated liver enzymes (cyp450)
(Increases metabolism of oral contraceptives, Coumadin)