Nucleic Acid Flashcards
Nucelic acids are polymers called ____
Polynucleotide
Each _______ consist of a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar, and one or more phosphate groups. The portion of nucleotide without the phosphate group is called a ______.
Nucelotide
Nucleoside
Nitrogenous bases that have a single six-menbered ring including cytosine, thymine and uracil
Pyrimidines (Prime CUT)
Nitrogenous bases that have a six-membered ring fused to five-membered ring including guanine and adenine
Purines (Pure AG)
Sugars of RNA is
Ribose
Sugars of DNA
2-deoxyribose
Nucleotides are joined together by _____ between the 5 phosphate group of one nucleotide and the 3 OH of the next
Phosphodiester linkages
Quantitative relationship wherein the number of adenosine residues is equal to the number of thymidine residues, and the number of guanosine residues is equal to the number of cytidine residues. A+G=T+C
Chargaff’s Rule
Complementary base pairs, A-T and G-C, are formed by ______ withing the helix.
H-bonding
Nitrogenous base pairs are stacked parallel to the long axis of the double helix. True or false
False. Perpendicular
True of false. DNA works as storage and transmission of biological information.
True
Components of ribosome that carry out the synthesis of proteins
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Carry genetic information from one or few genes to ribosome.
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
Translates the information in mRNA into a specific sequence of amino acid
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Central carrier of chemical energy
ATP
Coenzyme A, NAD+, and FAD include _____ as part of their structure for binding -energy requirements.
Adenosine
______ formed from ATP in a reaction catalyzed by adenylyl cyclase, is a common second messenger produced in response to hormones and other chemical signals.
Cyclic AMP (cAMP)
