Cellular Respiration Flashcards
Set of metabolic reactions and processes that converts biochemical energy from nutrients ti ATP and other products
Cellular respiration
Cellular respiration takes place in the _____ of prokaryotes and _____ of eukaryotes.
Cytoplasm, mitochondria
Explains how energy is transformed through barious biochemical reactions
Bioenergetics
Three stages of cellular respiration
Glycolysis, citric acid cycle, electron transport chain
Catabolism refers to the breakdown or oxidation of fuel molecules
∆G< 0, ∆H < 0, ∆S > 0. Hence the reaction is
Exergonic release of energy
Anabolism are synthetic reactions that builds up substances. ∆G>0, ∆H>0, ∆S<0. Hence the reaction is
Endergonic energy absorption
Primary source of immediate energy for cellular metabolism stored in chemical bonds.
ATP
Stage of cellular respiration that will proceed with or without oxygen, and occurs in cytosol
Glycolysis
The ____ phase of glycolysis involves the phosphorylation of glucose and it’s conversion to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
Preparatory or investment phase
The ___ phase of glycolysis involves oxidative conversion of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to pyruvate that couples the formation of ATP and NADH.
Pay-off phase
List the substrates and enzymes involved in each step of glycolysis
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Hexokinase
Phosphoglucose isomerase
Phosphofructokinase-1
Aldolases
Triose phosphate isomerase
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
Phosphoglycerate kinase
Phosphoglycerate mutase
Enolase
Pyruvate kinase
Committed step of glycolysis
Phosphofructokinase-1 PFK1
Irreversible steps in glycolysis (inhibitors and activators)
Hexokinase (I.G6P)
Phosphofructokinase-1 (I.ATP, citrate)(A.ADP, AMP, F-2,6-bisP)
Pyruvate kinase(ATP, Acetyl CoA) (A.F-1,6-bisP)
_____ catalyzes the cleavage of a 6-carbon sugar phosphate to two 3-carbon sugar phosphate. Involves loss of water
Aldolases
Reverse reaction of aldol condensation
Aldol cleavage
The main energy producing pathway of cells that does not have mitochondria such as the RBC
Glycolysis because it occurs in cytosol
Hexokinase isozyme present in liver that controls blood glucose level, and active at high blood glucose
Glucokinase
Hexokinase present in ____ that can be subjected to allosteric inhibition by ATP
Muscle
Hexokinase present in _____ that has no allosteric inhibition by ATP
brain
Pyruvate kinase deficiency leads to breaking down of ____ faster than they should.
RBC
