Amino Acids & Proteins

Question 1

Amino acids contain amino (NH2) and carboxyl (COOH) identified by their _____

Answer 1

Side chain

Question 2

The 20 standard amino acids are ‘standard’ because they are _____, meaning they are used to build polypeptides and proteins

Answer 2

Proteinogenic

Question 3

All amino acid are in L-configuration. True or false

Answer 3

False. Cysteine is in S-configuration

Question 4

List the essential amino acids

Answer 4

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Question 5

List the non essential amino acid

Answer 5

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Question 6

Amino acids essential for infants

Answer 6

Histidine

Question 7

Semi-essential amino acid

Answer 7

Arginine

Question 8

Simplest amino acid

Answer 8

Glycine

Question 9

Side chains of amino acid cane be which of the following:
A. Alkyl group
B. OH or S group
C. Carboxyl group
D. Basic
E. Aromatic

Answer 9

ABCDE

Question 10

Recall the 20 standard amino acids noting their 3- and 1- letter code

Answer 10


Alanine
Ala
Α

Arginine
Arg
R

Asparagine
Asn
N

Aspartic acid
Asp
D

Cysteine
Cys
C

Glutamic acid
Glu
E

Glutamine
Gln
Q

Glycine
Gly
G

Histidine
His
H

Isoleucine
lle
I

Leucine
Leu
L

Lysine
Lys
K

Methionine
Met
M

Phenylalanine
Phe
F

Proline
Pro
P

Serine
Ser
S

Threonine
Thr
T

Tryptophan
Trp
W

Tyrosine
Tyr
Y

Valine
Val
V

Question 11

In amino acid’s characteristic titration curve, the predominant species in low pH is fully protonated form. True or false

Answer 11

True

Question 12

First stage of titration corresponds to the removal of the proton from _____. The sceond stage is the removal of proton from _____.

Answer 12

COOH, NH3^+

Question 13

____ is reached when the removal of first proton is completed and the removal of second proton has begun

Answer 13

Inflection point

Question 14

pH at the inflection point. The characteristic pH at which the net electric charge is zero

Answer 14

Isoelectric pH

Question 15

Point where the amino acid exist in zwitter ionic form

Answer 15

Isoelectric point

Question 16

Amino acid are linked together by a covalent bond between amino group of one AA and the carboxylic group of the next amino acid. This linkage is called _____

Answer 16

Peptide bond

Question 17

Formed by polymerization of amino acids

Answer 17

Polypeptides

Question 18

When amino acid are used in the peptide bond formation, each amino acid is called ____

Answer 18

Residue

Question 19

When polypeptides are properly folded and completely functional, they comprise a _____

Answer 19

Protein

Question 20

Amino acids that can disrupt alpha helices

Answer 20

Glycine and Proline

Question 21

Sequence of AA which comprise a polypeptide chain

Answer 21

Primary structure

Question 22

alpha helices and beta pleated sheets

Answer 22

Secodnary structures

Question 23

Secodnary structures of AA are stabilized by ____ between NH2 and COOH of non adjacent AA

Answer 23

H-bonds

Question 24

Peptide bond is an amide bond

Answer 24

True

Question 25

Three dimensional shape of polypeptide.

Answer 25

Tertiary structure

Question 26

The unique stabilizing interaction in the teriary structures

Answer 26

Dislfide bridges

Question 27

Assembly of peptide chains to functional protein complex

Answer 27

Quaternary structure

Question 28

Classification of protein that are relatively spherical or ovoid in shape, functional purpose, irregular AA sequence, sensitive to pH and temp changes. Includes enzymes, hemoglobin, and insulin

Answer 28

Globular protein

Question 29

Classification of protein that are long and narrow in shape, structural purpose, repetitive AA sequence, less sensitive to pH and temp changes. Includes collagen, keratin, actin, myosin, elastin

Answer 29

Fibrous protein

Question 30

In terms of solubility, ______ proteins are generally insoluble in water whereas _____ proteins are generally soluble.

Answer 30

Fibrous, globular

Question 31

Efers to the modification in the secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures of protein without rupture of the peptide bonds in the primary structure

Answer 31

Denaturation

Question 32

Experiment that proves the possibility of denaturation

Answer 32

Alfinsen's experiment