NTM

Question 1

What are the clinical syndromes of NTM

Answer 1

Pulmonary
Skin and soft tissue
Lymphadenitis
Disseminated

Question 2

Types of NTM

Answer 2

Type I (photochromogens): pigment produced on exposure to light
- e.g. M. kansasii (always pathogenic)
Type II (scotochromogens): pigment produced in the dark
- e.g. M. gordonae (rarely pathogenic)
Type III (non-photochromogens): not pigmented
- e.g. MAC, M. xenopi (always pathogenic)
Type IV
- e.g. M. fortuitum, M. abscessus (always pathogenic), M. chelonae

Type I,II,III: slow growers (≥7d)
Type IV: fast growers (<7d)

Question 3

What are the AFB microorganisms?

Answer 3

Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Mycobacterium laprae
Non-tuberculous mycobacterium
Nocardia
Rhodococcus
Cryptosporidium parvum
Isospora belli
Cyclospora cayetanensis
Taenia saginata eggs
Hydatid cysts
Sarcocystis

Question 4

How to Dx NTM

Answer 4

Clinical + Radiological + Microbiological
(sputum at least 1w apart)

Question 5

Conditions that causes fibrocavitary changes on imaging

Answer 5

PTB
NTM
Sarcoidosis
Histiocytosis X
Ankylosing spondylitis
HP