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Gr4 NST > nst term 4 > Flashcards

nst term 4 Flashcards

1
Q

what are features?

A

interesting or noticeable parts of something

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2
Q

what is a sphere?

A

a round shape like a ball
all planets are spheres

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3
Q

what is the surface?

A

the outside part or top layer of something

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4
Q

what is soil?

A

sand that is mixed with dead or rotting material

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5
Q

what is earth’s water surface?

A

large areas of water that cover earth’s rocky surface where it is
hollowed

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6
Q

what are oceans?

A

the largest of earth’s water surfaces, which are salty seawater

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7
Q

what are seas?

A

smaller water surfaces, that are parts of the ocean so are also salty seawater

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8
Q

what are continents?

A

one of seven large pieces of earth’s surface

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9
Q

what is an island

A

a piece of land that is smaller than a continent and surrounded by seas

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10
Q

what are lakes?

A

large areas of water than have land all around them

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11
Q

what is the atmosphere?

A

the layer of thin air that surrounds earth

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12
Q

what shape is earth?

A

a sphere

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13
Q

what is earth made of?

A

rock

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14
Q

is the earth solid or liquid?

A

both - the surface is hard solid rock but the centre is so hot that the rock has melted to liquid

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15
Q

why is Earth called the blue planet?

A

all the water on earth’s surface (on 71% of the surface) makes it look blue from space

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16
Q

what are Earth’s land surfaces?

A

the parts of Earth’s that are not covered by water. These are either continents or islands

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17
Q

how high above Earth’s surface does the atmosphere go?

A

About 600km

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18
Q

why is the atmosphere so important?

A
  1. It contains the gases that all living things need to BREATH
  2. It acts like a BLANKETS to keep Earth’s surface warm enough for living things to survive
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19
Q

what is a planet?

A

a large object that moves around a star

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20
Q

what are stars?

A

objects in space that give off their own light

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21
Q

what is the sun?

A

a very bright star that gives light and warmth to planet Earth

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22
Q

what is the moon?

A

a cold round object that always moves around Earth

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23
Q

How many planets does the Sun have?

A

8

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24
Q

what is space?

A

the never-ending darkness that is above the Earth’s atmosphere

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25
Q

what is in space?

A

stars, planets, and many other objects as well as gas and dust

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26
Q

what are astronauts?

A

people that travel to space

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27
Q

when can we see the sun?

A

in the daytime, when our half of the Earth is facing toward the sun

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28
Q

what is the nearest object in space to the earth?

A

the moon

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29
Q

where are the stars during the day?

A

in the same place in the sky in space but you just can’t see them because the sun’s light is much brighter

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30
Q

how many stars are there?

A

Millions (but we can’t actually count them all because we can only see some of them)

31
Q

what does orbit mean

A

the pathway along which the Earth moves around the sun

32
Q

what is the solar system

A

the sun and all the objects that move around it

33
Q

what type of planet is the Earth?

A

a terrestrial planet

34
Q

What is a year on earth?

A

365.25 days
the time it takes for the Earth to do a full orbit of the sun.

34
Q

What features does Earth have that other planets do not?

A

Earth is the only planet with LIFE on it and no other planet has liquid WATER

35
Q

How many planets is the Earth from the Sun?

A

Earth is the 3rd planet from the Sun

36
Q

What is the sun made of?

A

very hot burning gases

37
Q

Why is the Sun so important for life on Earth?

A

life need the Sun’s heat and light energy
without the sun it would be dark and freezing cold, so plants and animals would not survive

38
Q

How big is the Sun?

A

The Sun is 110 times the diameter of Earth

39
Q

How far away from Earth is the sun?

A

about 150 million kilometres

40
Q

Is the sun a bright star?

A

No, it just seems that way because it is so much closer to Earth than any other stars

41
Q

what direction does the Earth travel around the sun?

A

anticlockwise

42
Q

what is the centre of the solar system?

A

the sun
(solar system literally means the sun’s system)

43
Q

What does life on Earth need to survive in addition to the Sun’s energy?

A

water

44
Q

What starts the energy chain?

A

light from the Sun

45
Q

what happens to plants and animals when they get too much or too little heat?

A

they die

46
Q

why do seeds need warmth?

A

to grow

47
Q

why do animals need warmth?

A

to maintain their life processes

48
Q

what is a crater?

A

a round hole made by something that has fallen onto it

49
Q

what is the surface of the moon covered with?

A

dust and pieces of rock

50
Q

what is not on the surface of the moon?

A

No soil (that anything could grow in) and
no liquid water on the moon

51
Q

what are the large dents on the surface of the moon called?

A

craters

52
Q

what is closest to the Earth in space?

A

the moon

53
Q

what are phases of the moon?

A

the changing pattern of sunlight on the moon

54
Q

Name the phase of the moon when you can see half a circle?

A

The QUARTER moon

55
Q

Name the phase of the moon right before and right after full moon

A

Gibbous Moon

56
Q

Name the phase of the moon when you can only see a rounded sliver of it?

A

The Crescent moon

57
Q

The phases of the moon appear in the same order every _______ days?

A

29 and a half

58
Q

What is the name of the phase of the moon when you cannot see it?

A

New Moon

59
Q

what does WAXING mean when describing phases of the moon?

A

growing/getting bigger
(the half of the cycle that comes straight after new moon)

60
Q

what does waning mean when describing the phases of the moon?

A

getting smaller
(the half of the cycle that comes after full moon)

61
Q

what is a rocket?

A

A long tall structure that can be propelled into space

62
Q

what does launch mean?

A

to send a space craft into space

63
Q

what is gravity?

A

the pull that holds things on earth

64
Q

what is a payload?

A

the people, equipment or other space craft that are carried by a rocket

65
Q

what is a vehicle?

A

a machine that is used to carry people or things from one place to another

66
Q

what does propel mean?

A

to move or push something forward

67
Q

what input energy does a rocket’s system use?

A

fuel

68
Q

why do rockets need to be light?

A

so that it can carry a bigger payload because each kilogram of it’s own weight needs fuel too

69
Q

why do rockets need to be strong?

A

to do their job of carrying vehicles, equipment and people into space

70
Q

what makes it easier for rockets to slip through the atmosphere into space?

A

their SHAPE

71
Q

what explains how rockets move?

A

Newton’s 3rd law

72
Q

what is Newton’s 3rd law of physics?

A

for every push in one direction, there is an equal push in the other direction

Gr4 NST (6 decks)

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