NST term 2 - states of matter Flashcards
What is a solid?
A substance fixed shape
What is a liquid?
A substance that does not have a fixed shape and can flow
What is a substance?
Any type of solid, liquid or gas
What is a gas?
a substance that has no shape and can move around freely
How do you change the shape of a solid?
The only way is by FORCE
What does FLOW mean?
the way a liquid moves and spreads. A liquid CHANGES SHAPE by flowing into a different container.
Name examples of solids
Table, pen, apple
What shape are gases?
Gases can any shape. They can also be contained in a container (like a balloon or a can)
What state of matter are milk, water and oil?
They are liquids
Name examples of gases
The air we breathe
Helium (often in balloons)
What are the states of matter?
Solid, liquids and gases
What is matter?
Matter is everything around us.
Itmakes up all the materials and substances that exist on earth.
What makes a substance change state?
HEAT
A substance changes state when it gains heat or loses heat
e.g. a liquid becomes a gas when it gains enough heat, and become a solid when it gets cold enough
What does it mean to melt?
Melting is when a solid gains heat to become a liquid.
Solids MELT into liquids when they are heated
What does it mean to evaporate?
Evaporating is when a liquid changes into a gas when they’re heated enough
What does condense mean?
Condense is what happens when a gas cools down to change into a liquid
What does solidify mean?
When a liquid loses heat to become a solid.
eg. freezing
What is a melting point?
The temperature at which a material melts
What is temperature?
A measure of how hot or cold something is
What does it mean to predict?
To say what you think will happen before it happens
What does a liquid need to evaporate?
Enough HEAT
What does gas need to become a liquid?
To lose enough heat / COOL down
What do we use to measure temperature?
a thermometer
What unit of measurement doe we use to measure temperature?
degrees Celsius / Centigrade
What is the freezing and boiling point of water?
Water freezes (i.e. becomes solid) at 0’C
and boils (becomes a gas called water vapour) at 100’C
How does a thermometer work?
LIQUID in the bulb & a TUBE moves up when it gets hotter and down when it is cooler.
There are numbers on the tube to mark different temperatures
The number that the liquid STOPS at is the number of the temperature.
What is the water cycle? Describe it.
the MOVEMENT of WATER around and around
from the LAND and SEA to the AIR and back again
by CHANGING STATE by the processes of
- evaporating,
- condensing
- freezing and
- melting
Why is the water cycle important?
Earth has limited amount of water
What is precipitation?
Rain, snow and other forms of water falling from clouds
Show the 5 steps of the water cycle in a circle
- Water vapour cools & condensed
- Clouds form
- Rain falls, bringing liquid water to earth
- The sun heats water on earth
- Water evaporates
(then goes back to 1.)
