NS FL 1

Question 1

Mediating Variable

Answer 1

explains the relationship between two other variables (e.g. education; explains relation between social status and checking deez nuts for cancer–remove education and the relationship decreases)

Question 2

Which endocrine gland produces endogenous hormones?

Answer 2

Anterior pituitary

Question 3

Opioid analgesics are similar to:

Answer 3

endorphins, inhibit pain by blocking release of certain neurotransmitters at nocireceptors

Question 4

Anterior pituitary gland produces:

Answer 4

luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and growth hormone (GH)

Question 5

Limbic system structures regulate:

Answer 5

emotion and memory

Question 6

Law of Closure

Answer 6

incomplete figure/disconnected pieces perceived as a complete figure

Question 7

Law of Symmetry

Answer 7

tend to perceive stimuli as grouped symmetrically around a center point

Question 8

Law of Similarity

Answer 8

perceive similar objects as being grouped together

Question 9

Law of Proximity

Answer 9

tend to perceive objects close together as a group, rather than a large collection of individual pieces

Question 10

Schacter-Singer Theory of Emotion

Answer 10

emotion processing has 3 distinct steps: arousal (action), interpretation (favorable action or no?), and experience of the emotion (happy? sad?)

Question 11

Yerkes-Dodson Law of Emotion

Answer 11

people tend to perform their best when they’re moderately emotionally stimulated

Question 12

Variable-Ratio Reinforcement

Answer 12

produce highest response rates that are most resistant to extinction (e.g. reward on average of 1-10 tries, but changes each time so could be first try, but could also be fifth or tenth try)

Question 13

Variable-Interval Reinforcement

Answer 13

produces slow but steady rate of responses, rewards on an average time interval, but time interval changes

Question 14

Stroop Effect

Answer 14

when the word red is the color blue and you’re like wait wtf, oh

Question 15

Criterion Validity

Answer 15

refers to whether a variable is able to predict a certain outcome

Question 16

Construct Validity

Answer 16

if black and white is perceived as social class instead of race, it does not resemble what the researchers are trying to study (race)

Question 17

Socialization

Answer 17

refers to how individuals attitudes are shaped by social factors

Question 18

Groupthink

Answer 18

occurs when a homogenous group has such a strong desire for harmony and conformity that the group makes irrational decisions due to an inability to evaluate other options

Question 19

Prejudice

Answer 19

an attitude, not a behavior

Question 20

Stereotyping

Answer 20

a cognitive action, not a behavior

Question 21

Discrimination

Answer 21

changing behavior towards someone because of race/gender

Question 22

Informational Influence

Answer 22

an influence to accept info from others as evidence about reality

Question 23

Normative Influence

Answer 23

an influence to conform with the expectations of others to gain social approval

Question 24

Ingratiation

Answer 24

an attempt to get someone to like you to get them to comply with your requests

Question 25

Qualitative Research

Answer 25

gathers in-depth info about a research question, and often uses focus groups or other small samples to better understand phenomena

Question 26

Quantitative Research

Answer 26

uses tests or questionnaires to produce numerical scores that can be evaluated statistically

Question 27

Opponent-process Theory

Answer 27

related to self-destructive behaviors

Question 28

Expectancy-value Theory

Answer 28

motivation required to achieve a goal is affected both by a person’s expectation of reaching the goal and how much that person values reaching that goal

Question 29

Weber’s Law

Answer 29

perceptible differences are proportional to the initial perception