Nose + Pterygopalatine Fossa Flashcards

1
Q

surgical access to pterygopalatine fossa?

A

through the maxillary sinus - elevate upper lip, transverse maxillary gingiva and anterior wall of sinus, posterior wall then chipped away to open anterior wall of fossa

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2
Q

what is epistaxis?

A

nose bleed

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3
Q

what happens with excessive deviated nasal septum?

A

can obstruct breathing or exacerbate snoring

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4
Q

what is rhinitis?

A

swollen and inflamed nasal mucosa

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5
Q

where can infections of nasal cavity spread? (5 places)

A
  • anterior cranial fossa through cribriform plate
  • nasopharynx and retropharyngeal soft tissues
  • middle ear through auditory tube
  • paranasal sinuses
  • lacrimal apparatus and conjunctiva
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6
Q

what area is the most common for causing nosebleeds?

A

anterior 1/3 of nose = Kiesselbach area

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7
Q

what is sinusitis?

A

inflammation and swelling of the mucosa of the paranasal sinuses

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8
Q

what is panisinusitis?

A

when many sinuses are inflamed

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9
Q

how can severe infections of ethmoidal cells cause blindness?

A

some posterior ethmoidal cells lie close to the optic canal

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10
Q

how can severe infections of ethmoidal cells cause optic neuritis?

A

spread of infection from the cells to the dural sheath of the optic nerve

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11
Q

which sinuses are most commonly infected?

A

maxillary - b/c of small ostia high on superomedial walls

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12
Q

how can a maxillary sinus be cannulated and drained?

A

pass a cannula from naris through the maxillary ostium into the sinus

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13
Q

transillumination of a maxillary sinus

A

normally, light passes through sinus and appears as a crescent shaped dull glow inferior to orbit

-if excess fluid: glow is decreased

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14
Q

transillumination of a frontal sinus

A

normally produces a glow superior to the orbit

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