Norton

Question 1

Mild sxs (back pain, dysuria, perineal and suprapubic discomfort). H/o recurrent UTIs with the same organism. Leukocyte +. Bacterial culture +. Lymphocytes present

Answer 1

Chronic bacterial prostatitis

Question 2

Most common form of prostatitis.

Answer 2

Chronic abacterial prostatitis

Question 3

Presents like chronic bacterial prostatitis except there is no bacteria present in culture

Answer 3

Chronic abacterial prostatitis

Question 4

Caused by BCG instilled into bladder to to superficial bladder cancer. Due to BCG is clinically insignificant

Answer 4

Granulomatous prostatitis

Question 5

Same bacteria as a UTI. Caused by reflux of urine into prostate. Leukocyte +. Prostate tender and boggy on DRE

Answer 5

Acute Bacterial Prostatitis

Question 6

Proliferation of stromal cells and decreased death of epithelial cells (so increased # of epithelial cells)

Answer 6

BPH

Question 7

Early nodules have stromal cells (pale, gray, and tough)

Answer 7

BPH

Question 8

Later nodules have epithelial cells/glands (pink-yellow, soft, exude milky prostatic fluid)

Answer 8

BPH

Question 9

Glands lined by 2 layers of cells

Answer 9

BPH

Question 10

Causes urethral obstruction > bladder hypertrophy and distention, sudden acute urine retention, nocturnal, frequency, infection, etc.

Answer 10

BPH

Question 11

Treat conservatively for mild symptoms. Decrease fluids before bedtime, decrease caffeine and EtOH, timed voiding

Answer 11

BPH

Question 12

For moderate to severe symptoms of BPH decrease smooth muscle tone via ________ and inhibit synthesis of DHT to shrink prostate via ______________

Answer 12

Alpha blockers.

5 alpha reductase inhibitors

Question 13

Cancer of peripheral ducts and acini. Men > 50 yrs old. Uncommon in Asians

Answer 13

Prostate adenocarcinoma

Question 14

Most common in African Americans

Answer 14

Prostate adenocarcinoma

Question 15

High fat diet increases risk of

Answer 15

Prostate adenocarcinoma

Question 16

Precursor lesion to cancer. Seen more frequently and extensively in prostates with cancer

Answer 16

Prostate intraepithelial neoplasia

Question 17

Seen in peripheral zone and has same genetic mutations as cancer

Answer 17

Prostate intraepithelial neoplasia

Question 18

Arises in peripheral zone, classically in posterior area where it can be palpate do as hard nodules on DRE

Answer 18

Prostate adenocarcinoma

Question 19

Glands small, more crowded w/o branching or Infoldings. Back to back glands

Answer 19

Prostate adenocarcinoma

Question 20

Glands lined by single layer of cuboidal or columnar cells. Outer basal cell layer is absent

Answer 20

Prostate adenocarcinoma

Question 21

Local extension to periprostatic tissues, seminal vesicles, and base of bladder

Answer 21

Prostate adenocarcinoma

Question 22

Mets via lymphatics > Obturator nodes > paraaortic nodes

Answer 22

Prostate adenocarcinoma

Question 23

Mets via blood to bones to form osteoblastic lesions

Answer 23

Prostate adenocarcinoma

Question 24

Urinary symptoms occur late and transrectal needle biopsy confirms diagnosis

Answer 24

Prostate adenocarcinoma

Question 25

Normally secreted into semen, minute amounts in serum. Serum levels elevated in prostate cancer

Answer 25

PSA

Question 26

DRE ______ increase PSA

Answer 26

Does not

Question 27

Factors other than cancer can elevate

Answer 27

PSA