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CMS Advanced Sommelier Exam > North America > Flashcards

North America Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

Where does the U.S. rank in wine production in the world?

A

4th largest

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2
Q

Where does the U.S. rank in acreage of land under vine?

A

6th highest

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3
Q

90% of all American wine is produced from which state?

A

California

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4
Q

When did the US surpass France in wine consumption?

A

2011

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5
Q

Name 3 native species of grapevine in North America

A

Vitis labrusca
Vitis rotundifolia
Vitis aestivalis

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6
Q

What is an example of a Vitis labrusca variety?

A

the Concord grape

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7
Q

What is an example of a Vitis rotundifolia variety?

A

the Scuppernong grape

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8
Q

What is an example of a Vitis aestivalis variety?

A

the Norton grape

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9
Q

When was the Mission grape introduced to Mexico?

A

in the early 1500s

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10
Q

What monks brought the mission grape to California?

A

Franciscan monks

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11
Q

When did George Yount arrive to Napa and plant his first vineyard?

A

1839

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12
Q

When was California annexed from Mexico?

A

1847

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13
Q

When did Agoston Haraszthy arrive in Sonoma?

A

1849

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14
Q

What winery did Agoston Haraszthy in Sonoma?

A

Buena Vista, one of california’s oldest commercial wineries

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15
Q

Who is known as the “father of California wine”?

A

Agoston Haraszthy

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16
Q

How many different varieties is Agoston Haraszthy credited with bringing to California?

A

over 300

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17
Q

How did Agoston Haraszthy die?

A

He MAY have been eaten by an alligator in the jungles of Nicaragua

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18
Q

When and where did Charles Krug establish his winery?

A

1861 in St. Helena

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19
Q

What is the oldest winery in Napa?

A

Charles Krug

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20
Q

When was Schramsberg established?

A

1862

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21
Q

What is the oldest continuously operating winery in Napa?

A

Beringer

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22
Q

When was Beringer established?

A

1876

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23
Q

Who established Inglenook Winery in 1880?

A

Gustav Niebaum

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24
Q

When was phylloxera discovered in Napa and Sonoma?

A

the early 1870s

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25
Q

How long did phylloxera affect Napa and Sonoma?

A

1870s-1890s

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26
Q

Who is credited for discovering resistance to phylloxera in American rootstocks?

A

Charles Valentine Riley, a Missouri entomologist

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27
Q

What amended started Prohibition?

A

the 18th amendment

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28
Q

What amendment ratified Prohibition?

A

the 21st amendment

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29
Q

When was the American prohibition?

A

1920 - December 5, 1933

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30
Q

What did congress pass in 1919 to start prohibition?

A

the Volstead Act

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31
Q

Who did Georges de Latour hire as winemaker of Beaulieu in 1938?

A

Andre Tchelistcheff, a russian winemaker trained in France

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32
Q

What famous wine did Andre Tchelistcheff introduce from Beaulieu Winery?

A

the Georges de Latour Private Reserve Cabernet Sauvignon

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33
Q

Who is dubbed the “dean of American winemakers”?

A

Andre Tchelistcheff

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34
Q

Name 4 of Andre Tchelistcheff’s most famous students

A

Robert Mondavi
Louis Mondavi
Joe Heitz
Mike Grgich

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35
Q

When was the first harvest for Robert Mondavi Winery?

A

1966

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36
Q

What year did table wines surpass fortified wines in America?

A

1967

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37
Q

When did Robert Mondavi introduce his Fume Blanc bottling?

A

1968

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38
Q

Name 3 early modern pioneers in Sonoma

A

Hanzell
Martin Ray
Simi

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39
Q

Who is the famous winemaker of Monte Bello (Ridge)

A

Paul Draper

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40
Q

When did Paul Draper take over Monte Bello (Ridge)?

A

1969

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41
Q

When was the first vintage of Mount Eden Vineyards?

A

1972

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42
Q

What is Monterey’s oldest commercial vineyard?

A

Chalone Vineyard

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43
Q

When was Chalone Vineyard established?

A

1960

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44
Q

Who established the Sanford & Benedict Vineyard in 1970?

A

Richard Sanford

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45
Q

Where is Sanford & Benedict vineyard located?

A

in Santa Babara’s Santa Ynez Hills

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46
Q

What was Dr. Konstantin Frank’s job before becoming a winemaker?

A

he was a janitor at Cornell University

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47
Q

When was Dr. Konstantin Franks’s Vinifera Wine Cellars founded?

A

1962

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48
Q

When did David Lett first plant Pinot Noir grapes in the Willamette valley?

A

1965

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49
Q

What winery is associated with David Lett?

A

Eyrie Vineyard

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50
Q

Who organized the 1976 Judgement of Paris?

A

Steven Spurrier

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51
Q

What were the winning red and white wines of the 1976 Judgement of Paris?

A

1973 Stag’s Leap Cabernet Sauvignon

1973 Chateau Montelena Chardonnay

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52
Q

What was the first Napa valley wine to sell for more than $100 at release?

A

1978 Diamond Creek Cabernet Sauvignon

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53
Q

Name 3 examples of cult producers in Napa

A

Screaming Eagle
Colgin
Harlan Estate

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54
Q

When was the first AVA established in America?

A

1980

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55
Q

What was America’s first AVA?

A

Augusta AVA in Missouri

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56
Q

When was the Napa Valley AVA established?

A

1981

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57
Q

What government agency oversees the AVA system?

A

the Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB)

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58
Q

When was the Calistoga AVA approved by the TTB?

A

2009

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59
Q

If a label lists an AVA, whats the min. % of grapes used to produce the wine must have originated from the stated region?

A

min. 85%

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60
Q

If a label lists by country/state/county, whats the min. % of grapes used to produce the wine must have originated from the stated region?

A

min. 75%

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61
Q

If a label lists a single vineyard, whats the min. % of grapes used to produce the wine must have originated from the stated single vineyard?

A

min. 95%

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62
Q

What % of a wine labeled with an AVA must come from the stated vintage?

A

min. 95%

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63
Q

What % of a wine labeled with a state or county must come from the stated vintage?

A

min. 85%

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64
Q

What is the min. % of a stated variety for American varietal wines?

A

min. 75%

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65
Q

What % of a wine labeled Estate Bottle must come from land owned or controlled by the winery in the US?

A

100%

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66
Q

California is divided into what 4 large AVAs?

A

North Coast
Central Coast
South Coast
Sierra Foothills

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67
Q

What % of California’s wine is sourced from the Central Valley?

A

75%

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68
Q

What are the requirements for a wine to be labeled “Meritage”

A

has to be a blend

no grape can make up more than 90% of a blend

can be red or white

must be produced from Bordeaux varieties

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69
Q

What are the 6 counties covered in the North Coast AVA?

A

Napa
Sonoma
Mendocino

Lake
Solano
Marin

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70
Q

What % of California’s vineyards are located in Napa Valley?

A

4%

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71
Q

How many sub-AVAs are located in Napa Valley AVA?

A

16

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72
Q

What is the name of the area that cool ocean air funnels into Napa?

A

The Petaluma Gap

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73
Q

What body of water is south of Napa Valley?

A

San Pablo Bay

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74
Q

What is the southernmost AVA in Napa?

A

Carneros

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75
Q

What is the northernmost AVA in Napa?

A

Calistoga

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76
Q

What is the altitude range in Napa valley?

A

zero to 2,000 ft above sea level

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77
Q

What mountain range is west of Napa Valley?

A

Mayacamas Mountains

78
Q

What mountain range is east of Napa Valley?

A

Vaca Mountains

79
Q

What are the 3 main types of soils in Napa Valley?

A

Volcanic
Alluvial
Maritime soils

80
Q

What was the first sub-appellation established in Napa Valley?

A

Howell Mountain AVA

81
Q

Why are valley floor Cabernets from Napa more elegant and supple than mountside AVAs?

A

The top soil is deeper.

*the mountainside AVAs are losing topsoil to erosion

82
Q

What AVA in Napa exemplifies the valley floor style?

A

Rutherford AVA

83
Q

Where would you most likely find Pinot Noir in Napa Valley?

A

Carneros

84
Q

What is the northernmost AVA in Sonoma?

A

Pine Mountain-Cloverdale Peak AVA

85
Q

What soil characterizes Russian River Valley?

A

Goldridge sandy loam soils

86
Q

Name 3 trademark Sonoma Coast Producers

A

Hirsch
Marcassin
Peay

87
Q

Name 4 trademark Russian River Valley Producers

A

Dehlinger
Joseph Swan
Rochioli
William-Selyem

88
Q

Name 3 trademark Green Valley of Russian River Valley producers

A

Kosta Browne
Freeman
Iron Horse

89
Q

Who is a famous sparkling house in Green Valley of Russian River Valley?

A

Iron Horse

90
Q

What is the warmest AVA in Sonoma?

A

Knights Valley

91
Q

Alexander Valley Cabernets vs Napa Cabernets

A

Alexander Valley Cabernets tend be more herbacous and have less body than Napa Cabernets

92
Q

What are Dry Creek Valley and Rockpile AVAs known for?

A

ripe, powerful styles of Zinfandel usually aged in American or French oak

93
Q

What is the main variety in Bennett Valley AVA?

A

Merlot

*it is too cool to routinely ripen Cabernet Sauvignon

94
Q

Who was the pioneer of American Sparkling wine in Carneros?

A

Gloria Ferrer

95
Q

Mendocinos best winegrowing regions are located between what 2 rivers?

A

Russian River

Navarro River

96
Q

What are the 7 sub-AVAs of Mendocino AVA?

A

Anderson Valley
Potter Valley
Redwood Valley

McDowell Valley
Yorkville Highlands
Cole Ranch

(a portion of) Mendocino Ridge

97
Q

Cole Ranch AVA is a monopole of what producer in Mendocino?

A

Esterlina

98
Q

McDowell Valley AVA is a monopole of what producer in Mendocino?

A

McDowell Valley Winery

99
Q

What Champagne house established an American sparkling house in Anderson Valley?

A

Louis Roederer

100
Q

What is the smallest wine-producing county in the North Coast AVA

A

Lake County

101
Q

How many AVAs are in Lake County?

A

7

102
Q

What is the most prominent AVA in Lake County?

A

Clear Lake AVA

103
Q

What are the 2 major vineyards in the Santa Cruz Mountains AVA?

A

Ridge’s Monte Bello

the original Bonny Doon Estate vineyard

104
Q

Where would you find Sauvignon Blanc in Central Coast California?

A

Livermore Valley AVA

105
Q

Who is the most notable producer from Livermore Valley?

A

Wente

106
Q

What AVA is Garys’ Vineyard located in?

A

Santa Lucia Highlands AVA (Central Coast)

107
Q

What AVA is Calera located in?

A

Mount Harlan AVA (within San Benito County)

108
Q

What county is Paso Robles located in?

A

San Luis Obispo County

109
Q

How many AVAs are located in Paso Robles?

A

11

110
Q

What valley does cool air pass through to Paso Robles?

A

the Templeton Gap

111
Q

What river runs through Paso Robles?

A

the Salinas River

112
Q

Who planted the first commercial Syrah vines in Paso Robles?

A

Gary Eberle

113
Q

What CDP chateau owns the Tablas Creek nursery?

A

Chateau Beaucastel

114
Q

Name 3 AVAs in San Luis Obispo other than Paso Robles

A

York Mountain
Arroyo Grande
Edna Valley

115
Q

Where does the California coastline start to bend east-west?

A

Point Conception

116
Q

What are the 2 mountain ranges in Santa Barbara?

A

San Rafael Mountains

Santa Ynez Mountains

117
Q

What are the 2 main AVAs of Santa Barbara County?

A

Santa Maria Valley AVA

Santa Ynez Valley AVA

118
Q

What are the 4 AVAs within the Santa Ynez Valley?

A

Sta. Rita Hills
Happy Canyon of Santa Barbara
Ballard Canyon
Los Olivos District

119
Q

What AVA is the Bien Nacido Vineyard located within?

A

Santa Maria Valley AVA

120
Q

The Central Valley in California is divided into what 2 regions (north to south)

A

Sacramento Valley

San Joaquin Valley

121
Q

What is the most important AVA in the Central Valley AVA?

A

Lodi

122
Q

What % of California’s grape production is made in Lodi?

A

20%

123
Q

What central valley AVA was the heart of the 19th century Gold rush?

A

Sierra Foothills AVA

124
Q

What are the 5 sub-zones of Sierra Foothills AVA?

A

Fair Play
El Dorado
Fiddletown

North Yuba
California Shenandoah Valley

125
Q

What state is the 2nd largest produce of premium wines in America?

A

Washington State

126
Q

Washington’s vineyards are found east of what mountain range?

A

the Cascade Mountains

127
Q

Vineyards in eastern Washington are generally planted in what 2 kinds of soils?

A

sandy or silty loam soils

128
Q

What is the largest appellation in Washington State?

A

Columbia Valley AVA

129
Q

What was Washington’s first AVA?

A

Yakima Valley AVA (1983)

130
Q

What are the 3 AVAs within Yakima Valley AVA?

A

Snipes Mountain
Rattlesnack Hills
Red Mountain

131
Q

What is the warmest, smallest, and most densly planted AVA in Washington?

A

Red Mountain

132
Q

What are the 3 best quality AVAs in Washington?

A

Yakima Valley
Red Mountain
Walla Walla Valley

133
Q

What is the soil composition like in Walla Walla Valley?

A

thin alluvial top soils
loess is everywhere
basalt bedrock

134
Q

What AVA in Oregon has similar galets soils as Chateauneuf-du-Pape?

A

the Rocks of Milton-Freewater

135
Q

What are the 2 most planted varieties in Washington?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

Merlot

136
Q

What are the 3 AVAs that Oregon and Washington State share? (East to West)

A

Walla Walla Valley
Columbia Valley
Columbia Gorge

137
Q

How many miles long is the Willamette Valley?

A

120 miles southward from Portland

138
Q

The Willamette Valley is located between what 2 mountain ranges?

A

Coastal Range

Cascade Mountains

139
Q

Who was the first to plant Pinot Noir in the Willamette Valley?

A

David Lett of Eyrie Vineyards

140
Q

Which AVA is Domaine Drouhin Oregon located?

A

Dundee Hills AVA

141
Q

When did Maison Joseph Drouhin purchase land in Dundee Hills?

A

197

142
Q

What are the 6 original smaller AVAs within Willamette Valley?

A

Dundee Hills
Eola-Amity Hills
Ribbon Ridge

McMinnville
Yamhill-Carlton District Chehalem Mountains

143
Q

What is the newest AVA within Willamette Valley?

A

Van Duzer Coridor AVA (2018)

144
Q

What are the 2 main soils of the Willamette Valley?

A

Jory well drained soils

Willakenzie marine sedimentary soils

145
Q

What AVA is associated with Jory soils?

A

Dundee Hills AVA

146
Q

What AVA is associated with Willakenzie soils?

A

Ribbon Ridge AVA

147
Q

Where does cool Pacific wind funnel through in the Willamette Valley?

A

the Van Duzer Coridor

148
Q

What 2 AVAs are most impacted by the Van Duzer Coridor winds?

A

McMinnville

Eola-Amity Hills

149
Q

What are 5 AVAs within Southern Oregon AVA?

A

Umpqua Valley
Elkton Oregon
Rogue Valley

Applegate Valley
Red Hill Douglas County

150
Q

What is the warmest and driest AVA in Oregon?

A

Applegate Valley AVA

151
Q

What AVA is shared with Oregon an Idaho?

A

Snake River Valley AVA

152
Q

What is the min % of Pinot Noir or Pinot Gris in an Oregon Varietal wine?

A

90% vs the standard american 75%

153
Q

What % of a wine from an AVA in Oregon must come from the stated AVA?

A

95% rather than the 85% mandated by federal law

154
Q

What are the 2 sub-AVAs of Long Island AVA?

A

North Fork of Long Island

The Hamptons, Long Island

155
Q

90% of New York wine is made from what region?

A

The Finger Lakes

156
Q

Niagara is an American cross of what 2 grapes?

A

Concord

Cassady

157
Q

What is the largest demarcated appellation in America?

A

The Upper Mississippi River Valley AVA

158
Q

What does VQA stand for?

A

Vintners’ Quality Alliance

159
Q

What is the appellation system called in Canada?

A

VQA

160
Q

When was the VQA established?

A

1988

161
Q

Where are VQA standards legally enforced?

A

Ontario

*BC voluntarily follows VQA standards

162
Q

In Canada, what % of a wine must come from the stated province?

A

100%

163
Q

In British Columbia VQA, what % of wine must come from the stated appellation?

A

95%

164
Q

In Ontario VQA, what % of wine must come from the stated appellation?

A

85% for regional appellations

100% for sub-appellations

165
Q

What % of a wine labeled as a single vineyard in Canada must come from the stated vineyard?

A

100%

166
Q

What % of a wine from Canada must come from the stated vintage (exception being sparkling wine)?

A

85%

167
Q

What % of varietal wines from Canada must contain the stated variety?

A

85%

168
Q

What are the 3 main appellations within Ontario VQA

A

Niagara Peninsula
Lake Erie North Shore
Prince Edward County

169
Q

What are the 2 sub-appellations of Niagara Peninsula VQA?

A

Niagara Escarpment

Niagara-on-the-Lake

170
Q

What is the famous producer of Icewine in Niagara Peninsula?

A

Inniskillin

171
Q

When must producers in Canada declare their intent to make Icewine?

A

In November

172
Q

When must canadian icewine grapes be harvested?

A

at night

173
Q

What is the min. temperature for icewine grapes in Canada to be picked at?

A

-8° C

174
Q

How many VQAs are in British Columbia?

A

10

175
Q

What is the northernmost VQA in Canada?

A

Okanagan Valley VQA in BC

176
Q

What % of British Columbian wine comes from Okanagan Valley?

A

82%

177
Q

What 2 mountain ranges are in the Okanagan Valley?

A

the Cascades &

Monashee Mountains

178
Q

Who produces Cuvee Arthur?

A

Domaine Drouhin Oregon

179
Q

Who produces Cuvee J?

A

Evesham Wood

180
Q

Who produces Upper Terrace?

A

Beaux Freres

181
Q

Who produces Sigrid?

A

Bergstrom

182
Q

Hames Valley, Chalone, and Arroyo Seco are AVAs in which California county?

A

Monterrey

183
Q

Lake, Solano, and Marin Counties are within what AVA?

A

North Coast

184
Q

Mills Vineyard is associated with which producer?

A

Calera

185
Q

Kronos Vineyard is associated with which producer?

A

Corison

186
Q

Clos du Ciel Vineyard is associated with which producer?

A

Peter Michael

187
Q

Lake Vineyard is associated with which producer?

A

Diamond Creek

188
Q

Which AVA is the Savoy vineyard located?

A

Anderson Valley

189
Q

Which AVA is the Sanford & Benedict located?

A

Sta. Rita Hills

190
Q

Which AVA is the Bien Nacido vineyard located?

A

Santa Maria Valley

191
Q

Which AVA is Gap’s Crown vineyard located?

A

Sonoma Coast

CMS Advanced Sommelier Exam (9 decks)

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