Burgundy Flashcards
What are the 4 French departements goes Burgundy’s vineyards span?
Yonne
Cote d’Or
Saône-et-Loire
Rhone
How long is the Cote d’Or?
60 km/37 miles
from Dijon to Maranges
What is the average width of the vineyards of Cote d’Or?
1 km/.62 mile
How far away is chablis from the Cote d’Or?
130 km/80 miles
(1 ½ hr drive) northwest of Dijon
What is Burgundy’s largest white wine region?
Chablis
What are the 4 communes of the Grand Auxerrois?
Vézelay
Irancy
Tonnerre
Joigny
What is the second largest white wine region in Burgundy?
Maconnais
What is the geographical landmark of the Maconnais?
The Rock of Solutre
What latitudes is Burgundy located in between?
46-48° latitude
Which Cote d’Or Village is located at the 47th parallel?
Volnay
What is the wettest month in Burgundy?
May
What are the major concerns for vignerons in Burgundy in May?
mildew and rot
Average sunshine hours for the growing season in Burgundy?
1,300 hours
What’s the average temperature in July-August in Burgundy?
20° C (68° F)
How many degrees higher are the temperature in the Saône-et-Loire département than the Côte d’Or?
1-2° C
Are Chardonnay and Pinot Noir early or late ripening varietals?
early
What’s the timeline of Burgundy’s growing season?
budbreak - late April
flowering - mid June
veraison - early August
harvest - end of September
What is the most planted grape in Burgundy?
Chardonnay (15,233 ha as of 2011)
What is Chardonnay known as in the Yonne departement?
Beaunois
What is Chardonnay a natural crossing of?
Pinot x Gouais Blanc
⅓ of Burgundy’s vineyards are planted to what grape?
Pinot Noir
What is Gamay’s full name?
Gamay Noir à Jus Blanc
Gamay is a sibling of what grape?
Chardonnay
What year did Philip the Bold ban Gamay from the Cote d’Or?
1395
Which commune in the Cote Chalonnaise is produces varietal Aligote?
Bouzeron
What is the grape of Saint-Bris AOP?
Sauvignon Blanc
What is the green-skinned mutation of Pinot Noir?
Pinot Blanc
What is Pinot Gris known as in Burgundy?
Pinot Beurot
What % of Burgundy’s wine is Regionale level?
50%
What % of Burgundy’s wine is Grand Cru?
2%
What 4 lieux-dits may append their name to Bourgogne AOP?
La Chapelle Notre Dame
Le Chapitre
Côte St-Jacques
Montrecul
What cocktail is Aligote traditionally used in?
Kir cocktail
What is in a Kir Cocktail?
Aligote
Creme de Cassis
How much Pinot Noir and Gamay (respectively) must co0fermented up Bourgogne Passe-Tout-Grains AOP?
min 30% PN
min 15% Gamay
What kind of wines are made if labeled as Bourgogne Mousseux AOP?
traditional method sparkling red wines
very rare
What year did Cremant de Bourgogne AOP debut?
1975
Which commune in Burgundy produces the most Cremant wine?
Rully (birthplace of Cremant de Bourgogne)
How many grand crus are located in the Cote d’Or?
32
What is the smallest AOP in France?
La Romanee Grand Cru AOP (.85 ha)
What is the largest Grand Cru in Burgundy?
Corton AOP (160 ha)
What is the highway that runs parallel down the Cote d’Or?
D974 (RN74 formerly)
What is the difference between Lutte Raisonnee vs Lutte Integree?
Lutte Raisonnee - limiting chemicals only when necessary
Lutte Integree - use of natural instead of synthetic sprays or other methods
Who was the first estate in the Cote d’Or to adopt biodynamic viticulture?
Domaine Jean-Claude Rateau in 1979
Name 2 producers in Burgundy associated with cold maceration
Henri Jayer
Domaine Jean Grivot
What temperatures are red grapes kept on their skins during cold maceration?
10-14° C/50-57° F
What are the 3 main effects of cold soaking?
extracting color
softens tannins
enhances aromatics
Which producer in Burgundy is notably against cold maceration?
Jeremy Seysses (Domaine Dujac)
What’s the main effects of whole-cluster fermentation
raises pH level (potassium in the stems) Cooler fermentation lighter color slight carbonic notes firmer tannins
What are the pros and cons of whole-bunch pressing when making white wine?
pros: produces cleaner, less phenolic must
slightly lower pH
cons: possible premox
What is the purpose of batonnage?
to reduce reduction in the barrel
enhance leesy aromatics
What is the French word for length of aging for wine?
élevage
How long does good white burgundy age in barrel before bottling?
after a year
How long are the best red Burgundy aged in oak?
15-18 months
What is the preferred toast levels of barrels in Burgundy?
Medium toast
Who in Gevrey-Chambertin uses high-toast oak?
Domaine Joseph Roty
Who is the favorite cooperage in the Cote d’Or?
Francois Freres (St-Romain)
What is the French word for Cooperage?
tonnellerie
What is the traditional barrel size in the Cote d’Or?
228-liter pièce
What sizes of barrel are becoming more common for White Burgundy?
350 and 400 L barrels
What do larger barrels do to a wine?
reduces surface exposure to wood
leaves less of an oaky flavors
What two producers in the Cote de Beaune prefer 350 L barrels?
PYCM
Henri Boillot
What river that runs through Chablis?
Serein River
What are the 3 appellations of Chablis?
Petit Chablis AOP
Chablis AOP
Chablis Grand Cru AOP
When were 1er crus added to Chablis AOP?
1967
When was Chablis AOC established?
1938
What soils are associated with Chablis AOP?
Kimmeridgian Marl
What is Kimmeridgian Marl?
chalky clay and limestone with tiny oyster shell fossils from the Upper Jurassic Epoch
Where is Kimmeridgian Marl named after?
the village of Kimmeridge in Dorset, UK where it was discovered
What soil is associated with Petit Chablis?
Portlandian limestone
What is Portlandian limestone?
hard cap-rock with less clay than kimmeridgian marl that has no fossils
When was Petit Chablis established?
1944
Name the 7 (+1 unofficial) lieux dits of Chablis Grand Cru (east to west)
Blanchot Les Clos Valmur Les Grenouilles Vaudesir (La Moutonne unofficial) Preuses Bourgos
Which two vineyards is La Moutonne inbetween?
Vaudesir
Preuses
La Moutonne is a monopole of which producer?
Domaine Long-Depaquit
Minimum potential alcohol requirements for Chablis AOP vs Chablis Grand Cru
10% -> 11%
Maximum base yields for Chablis AOP vs Chablis Grand Cru AOP
60 hl/h -> 54 hl/ha
When may Chablis Grand Cru wines be released?
January 1st of the second year after harvest
How many total 1er crus are in Chablis?
40
What are the 3 major 1er crus on the right bank of the Serein?
Montee de Tonnerre
Mont de Milieu
Fourchaume
Name 3 top producers of Montee de Tonnerre
Raveneau
Patrick Piuze
Billaud-Simon
Name the 2 most important left bank 1er crus of the Serein
Vaillons
Montmains
Name 5 trademark producers of Chablis
Domaine Rene & Vincent Dauvissat Domaine Raveneau Domaine Louis Michel Christian Moreau Domaine Pattes Loup
What are combes?
small valleys at the edge of the Haut-Cote made from melted permafrost during the ice age
Where are the 4 major combes located in the cote d’or?
Marsannay
Gevrey-Chambertin
Chambolle-Musigny
Nuits-St.Georges
What are the differences between the combes in the Cote de Nuits vs Cote de Beaune?
they are narrower and deeper in Nuits than Beaune
How do the combes affect the terroir in Burgundy?
moves cool air down the slope
diversified the soils
What is the newest Cote de Nuits appellations?
Marsannay (1987)
Which Cote d’Or appellation allows red, white and rose wines?
Marsannay
What is the topsoil of Marsannay?
silt, gravel and clay due to the large combe
Name 2 top producers in Marsannay
Sylvain Pataille
Bruno Clair
Name a classic producer in Fixin
Domaine Berthaut (Amelie Berthaut)
What is the only white only 1er cru in Fixin?
Domaine de la Perrière monopole ‘Clos de la Perrière’
What are the 9 Grand Crus of Gevrey-Chambertin? (N-S)
Mazis-Chambertin
Ruchottes-Chambertin
Chambertin-Clos de Beze
Chapelle-Chambertin
Griotte-Chambertin
Chambertin
Charmes-Chambertin
Latricieres-Chambertin
Mazoyeres-Chambertin
What is Cote d’Or’s largest appellation?
Gevrey-Chambertin AOP
What are the top 2 grand crus of Gevrey-Chambertin?
Clos de Beze
Chambertin
What are the top three 1er crus of Gevrey-Chambertin?
Clos St. Jacques
Combe de Laval
Lavaux St. Jacques