Champagne Flashcards
What is the extraction limit in Champagne?
2,550 L/4000 kg of Grapes
or 102 L wine/ 160 kg of grapes
What is the maximum yield allowed in Champagne?
66 hl/ha
What are the 4 pruning methods authorized in Champagne?
Cordon de Royat
Chablis
Vallée de la Marne
Guyot (double and simple)
What is the traditional vessel for pressing grapes in Champagne called?
Coquard basket press
What’s the first extraction called in Champagne?
vin de cuvee
How much wine is pressed in the vin de cuvee?
2,050 L
What’s the second extraction called in Champagne?
Vin de Taille
How much wine is pressed in the vin de taille?
500 L
What is the third extraction called in Champagne?
rebeche
What is the rebeche?
the required 1-10% of total pressing of Champagne that will be used for distillate
What happens after Pressing the grapes in Champagne?
debourbage
What is debourbage?
the process after pressing the grapes allowing the solids (bourbes) to settle before being racked
What is the French name for the solids in a wine after pressing?
bourbes
What is the name of the still base wines for sparkling wines?
vins clairs
What alcohol % are the vins clairs usually before secondary fermentation?
11%
How long are vins clairs kept in vessel before blending in Champagne?
February or March after harvest
What’s the french word for racking?
Soutirage
Liqueur de Tirage vs Liqueur d’expédition
Tirage - used to start secondary fermentation
expedition - final dosage
What is the french name for Secondary Fermentation?
prise de mousse
What is a bidule?
plastic device used to catch sediment for method champenois wines after secondary fermentation
How long does prise de mousse last?
up to 8 weeks
How much alcohol is produced from prise de mousse?
1.2-1.3%
How many atmospheres of CO2 are in Champagne?
5-6 atms
What is Autolysis?
the breaking down of dead yeast cells or lees
How long must Champagne aged sur lie?
min. 12 months
How are bottles stored during Secondary Fermentation?
Sur Latte (horizontally)
What is the french word for Riddling?
Remuage
How long does Remuage take using a gyropalette vs pupitre?
less than a week vs 8 weeks
How many bottles does a Gyropalette fit?
504
How many bottles does a pupitre hold?
60
Who invented the pupitre?
Madam Barbe-Nicole Ponsardin
What is the name for a person who turns the bottles on a pupitre?
Remeur
How many bottles can a top remeur handle a day?
70,000
What is Pointage?
old school way of shaking the bottle to prevent yeast from sticking to it
What process happens after remuage?
Degorgement
How are bottles stored after remuage and before degorgement?
Sur Pointe (upside-down vertically)
Which Champagne is kept sur pointe for many years before degorgement?
Bollinger “RD”
Dégorgement a la glace vs a la volee
a la glace -> traditional way, dipping neck into freezing brine solution
a la volee -> same method without using brine solution (wastes a lot of wine)
What is the most common sweetness level of most major Champagne houses?
Brut
Brut Nature dosage
0-3 g/L
Extra Brut dosage
0-6 g/L
Brut dosage
0-12 g/L
Extra Dry dosage
12-17 g/L
Sec dosage
17-32 g/L
Demi-Sec dosage
32-50 g/L
Doux dosage
50+ g/L
What is the french name for the wire cage around a sparkling wine cork?
Muselet
How long must NV Champagne age for?
min. 15 months after tirage
How long must Vintage Champagne age for?
min. 36 months after tirage
What is the french word for Transfer method?
Transvasauge (Method)
Name the 5 regions of Champagne (North to South)
Montagne de Reims Vallée de la Marne Cotes de Blancs Cotes de Sezanne Cote des Bars (The Aube)
Name the 9 grand cru villages of Montagne de Reims (North to South)
Sillery
Puisieulx
Beaumont-Sur-Vesle
Verzenay
Mailly
Verzy
Louvois
Bouzy
Ambonnay
Name the 2 grand cru villages of Vallée de la Marne (East to West)
Aÿ
Tours-sur-Marne (GC for Red Grapes Only)
Name the 6 grand cru villages of Cotes de Blancs (North to South)
Chouilly (GC for white grapes only) Oiry Cramant Avize Oger Le Mesnil-sur-Oger
How many 1er cru villages are in Champagne?
42
Name 4 important 1er cru villages of Montagne de Reims
Écueil
Jouy-les-Reims
Ludes
Rilly-La-Montagne
Name 3 important 1er cru villages of Vallée de la Marne
Mareuil-sur-Aÿ
Dizy
Hautvillers
Name 2 important 1er cru villages of Côtes des Blancs
Cuis
Vertus
Name 3 producers from Ambonnay
Marie-Noelle Ledru
Egly-Ouriet
H. Billiot
Name 2 producers from Avize
Jacques Selosse
Agrapart
Name 4 producers from Ay
Ayala
Bollinger
Deutz
Goutorbe
Which village is Hubert Dauvergne located?
Bouzy
Which village is Nicolas Feuillatte located?
Chouilly
Name 3 producers from Cramant
Diebolt-Vallois
Bonnaire
Philippe Glavier
Which village is Pierre Gimonnet & Fils located?
Cuis (Cote des Blancs)
Which village is Mousse Fils located?
Cuisle (Valle de la Marne)
Name 2 producers from Cumieres in Valle de la Marne
Rene Geoffroy
Georges Laval
Name 2 producers from Dizy
Jacquesson
Gaston Chiquet
Name 4 producers from Epernay
Gosset
Moët et Chandon
Perrier-Jouët
Pol Roger
Which village is Aubry Fils located?
Jouy-Les-Reims (Montagne de Reims)
Name 4 producers from Le-Mesnil-sur-Oger
Delamotte/Salon
Pierre Peters
JL Vergnon
Name 3 producers from Mareuil-Sur-Ay
Marc Hebrart
Billecart-Salmon
Philipponnat
Which village is Chartogne-Taillet from?
Merfy (Montagne de Reims)
Name as many producers from Reims (11)
Bruno Paillard Charles Heidsieck G.H. Mumm Henriot Jacquart Louis Roederer Piper-Heidsieck Pommery Ruinart Taittinger Veuve Clicquot-Ponsardin