Champagne Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

What is the extraction limit in Champagne?

A

2,550 L/4000 kg of Grapes

or 102 L wine/ 160 kg of grapes

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2
Q

What is the maximum yield allowed in Champagne?

A

66 hl/ha

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3
Q

What are the 4 pruning methods authorized in Champagne?

A

Cordon de Royat
Chablis
Vallée de la Marne
Guyot (double and simple)

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4
Q

What is the traditional vessel for pressing grapes in Champagne called?

A

Coquard basket press

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5
Q

What’s the first extraction called in Champagne?

A

vin de cuvee

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6
Q

How much wine is pressed in the vin de cuvee?

A

2,050 L

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7
Q

What’s the second extraction called in Champagne?

A

Vin de Taille

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8
Q

How much wine is pressed in the vin de taille?

A

500 L

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9
Q

What is the third extraction called in Champagne?

A

rebeche

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10
Q

What is the rebeche?

A

the required 1-10% of total pressing of Champagne that will be used for distillate

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11
Q

What happens after Pressing the grapes in Champagne?

A

debourbage

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12
Q

What is debourbage?

A

the process after pressing the grapes allowing the solids (bourbes) to settle before being racked

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13
Q

What is the French name for the solids in a wine after pressing?

A

bourbes

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14
Q

What is the name of the still base wines for sparkling wines?

A

vins clairs

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15
Q

What alcohol % are the vins clairs usually before secondary fermentation?

A

11%

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16
Q

How long are vins clairs kept in vessel before blending in Champagne?

A

February or March after harvest

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17
Q

What’s the french word for racking?

A

Soutirage

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18
Q

Liqueur de Tirage vs Liqueur d’expédition

A

Tirage - used to start secondary fermentation

expedition - final dosage

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19
Q

What is the french name for Secondary Fermentation?

A

prise de mousse

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20
Q

What is a bidule?

A

plastic device used to catch sediment for method champenois wines after secondary fermentation

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21
Q

How long does prise de mousse last?

A

up to 8 weeks

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22
Q

How much alcohol is produced from prise de mousse?

A

1.2-1.3%

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23
Q

How many atmospheres of CO2 are in Champagne?

A

5-6 atms

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24
Q

What is Autolysis?

A

the breaking down of dead yeast cells or lees

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25
Q

How long must Champagne aged sur lie?

A

min. 12 months

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26
Q

How are bottles stored during Secondary Fermentation?

A

Sur Latte (horizontally)

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27
Q

What is the french word for Riddling?

A

Remuage

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28
Q

How long does Remuage take using a gyropalette vs pupitre?

A

less than a week vs 8 weeks

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29
Q

How many bottles does a Gyropalette fit?

A

504

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30
Q

How many bottles does a pupitre hold?

A

60

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31
Q

Who invented the pupitre?

A

Madam Barbe-Nicole Ponsardin

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32
Q

What is the name for a person who turns the bottles on a pupitre?

A

Remeur

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33
Q

How many bottles can a top remeur handle a day?

A

70,000

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34
Q

What is Pointage?

A

old school way of shaking the bottle to prevent yeast from sticking to it

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35
Q

What process happens after remuage?

A

Degorgement

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36
Q

How are bottles stored after remuage and before degorgement?

A

Sur Pointe (upside-down vertically)

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37
Q

Which Champagne is kept sur pointe for many years before degorgement?

A

Bollinger “RD”

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38
Q

Dégorgement a la glace vs a la volee

A

a la glace -> traditional way, dipping neck into freezing brine solution

a la volee -> same method without using brine solution (wastes a lot of wine)

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39
Q

What is the most common sweetness level of most major Champagne houses?

A

Brut

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40
Q

Brut Nature dosage

A

0-3 g/L

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41
Q

Extra Brut dosage

A

0-6 g/L

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42
Q

Brut dosage

A

0-12 g/L

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43
Q

Extra Dry dosage

A

12-17 g/L

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44
Q

Sec dosage

A

17-32 g/L

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45
Q

Demi-Sec dosage

A

32-50 g/L

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46
Q

Doux dosage

A

50+ g/L

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47
Q

What is the french name for the wire cage around a sparkling wine cork?

A

Muselet

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48
Q

How long must NV Champagne age for?

A

min. 15 months after tirage

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49
Q

How long must Vintage Champagne age for?

A

min. 36 months after tirage

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50
Q

What is the french word for Transfer method?

A

Transvasauge (Method)

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51
Q

Name the 5 regions of Champagne (North to South)

A
Montagne de Reims
Vallée de la Marne
Cotes de Blancs
Cotes de Sezanne
Cote des Bars (The Aube)
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52
Q

Name the 9 grand cru villages of Montagne de Reims (North to South)

A

Sillery
Puisieulx
Beaumont-Sur-Vesle

Verzenay
Mailly
Verzy

Louvois
Bouzy
Ambonnay

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53
Q

Name the 2 grand cru villages of Vallée de la Marne (East to West)

A

Aÿ

Tours-sur-Marne (GC for Red Grapes Only)

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54
Q

Name the 6 grand cru villages of Cotes de Blancs (North to South)

A
Chouilly (GC for white grapes only)
Oiry
Cramant
Avize
Oger
Le Mesnil-sur-Oger
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55
Q

How many 1er cru villages are in Champagne?

A

42

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56
Q

Name 4 important 1er cru villages of Montagne de Reims

A

Écueil
Jouy-les-Reims
Ludes
Rilly-La-Montagne

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57
Q

Name 3 important 1er cru villages of Vallée de la Marne

A

Mareuil-sur-Aÿ
Dizy
Hautvillers

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58
Q

Name 2 important 1er cru villages of Côtes des Blancs

A

Cuis

Vertus

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59
Q

Name 3 producers from Ambonnay

A

Marie-Noelle Ledru
Egly-Ouriet
H. Billiot

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60
Q

Name 2 producers from Avize

A

Jacques Selosse

Agrapart

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61
Q

Name 4 producers from Ay

A

Ayala
Bollinger
Deutz
Goutorbe

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62
Q

Which village is Hubert Dauvergne located?

A

Bouzy

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63
Q

Which village is Nicolas Feuillatte located?

A

Chouilly

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64
Q

Name 3 producers from Cramant

A

Diebolt-Vallois
Bonnaire
Philippe Glavier

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65
Q

Which village is Pierre Gimonnet & Fils located?

A

Cuis (Cote des Blancs)

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66
Q

Which village is Mousse Fils located?

A

Cuisle (Valle de la Marne)

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67
Q

Name 2 producers from Cumieres in Valle de la Marne

A

Rene Geoffroy

Georges Laval

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68
Q

Name 2 producers from Dizy

A

Jacquesson

Gaston Chiquet

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69
Q

Name 4 producers from Epernay

A

Gosset
Moët et Chandon
Perrier-Jouët
Pol Roger

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70
Q

Which village is Aubry Fils located?

A

Jouy-Les-Reims (Montagne de Reims)

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71
Q

Name 4 producers from Le-Mesnil-sur-Oger

A

Delamotte/Salon
Pierre Peters
JL Vergnon

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72
Q

Name 3 producers from Mareuil-Sur-Ay

A

Marc Hebrart
Billecart-Salmon
Philipponnat

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73
Q

Which village is Chartogne-Taillet from?

A

Merfy (Montagne de Reims)

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74
Q

Name as many producers from Reims (11)

A
Bruno Paillard
Charles Heidsieck
G.H. Mumm
Henriot
Jacquart
Louis Roederer
Piper-Heidsieck
Pommery
Ruinart
Taittinger
Veuve Clicquot-Ponsardin
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75
Q

Which village is Vilmart & Cie located?

A

Rilly-La-Montagne (Montagne de Reims)

76
Q

Which village is Laurent-Perrier located?

A

Tours-sur-Marne (Valle de la Marne)

77
Q

Which village is Drappier located?

A

Urville (Aube)

78
Q

Name 2 producers from Vertus (Cotes des Blancs)

A

Guy Larmandier

Doyard

79
Q

Name 2 producers from Verzenay

A

Jean Lallement et Fils

Pehu-Simonet

80
Q

Which village is Mouzon-Leroux located?

A

Verzy

81
Q

Which village is A. Margaine located?

A

Villers-Marmery (Montagne de Reims)

82
Q

Name 2 CM producers in Champagne

A
Nicolas Feuillatte (Chouilly)	
Jacquart (Reims)
83
Q

What’s the prestige Cuvee of Ayala?

A

Cuvee Perle d’Ayala

84
Q

What’s the blend of Ayala ‘Cuvee Perle d’Ayala’?

A

80% Chardonnay

20% Pinot Noir

85
Q

What are the 3 prestige cuvees of BIllecart-Salmon?

A

Nicolas Francois Billecart
Grande Cuvee
Elisabeth Salmon Rose

86
Q

What’s the blend in Billecart-Salmon’s ‘Nicolas Francois Billecart and Grand Cuvee?

A

60% Pinot Noir

30% Chardonnay

87
Q

What’s the blend in Billecart-Salmon’s ‘Elisabeth Salmon Rose’?

A

58% Pinot Noir

42% Chardonnay

88
Q

What are the 3 prestige cuvees for Bollinger?

A

La Grande Année
R.D.
Vieilles Vignes Françaises BdN

89
Q

What is the grape of Bollinger ‘Vieilles Vignes Françaises’?

A

100% Pinot Noir

90
Q

What is the prestige cuvee of Delamotte?

A

‘Nicolas Louis Delamotte’

91
Q

What’s the blend of Delamotte ‘Nicolas Louis Delamotte’?

A

90% Chardonnay

10% Pinot Noir

92
Q

What are the 2 prestige cuvees of Deutz?

A

Cuvee William Deutz (Blanc/Rose)

Amour de Deutz

93
Q

What’s the grape of Deutz ‘Amour de Deutz’?

A

100% Chardonnay

94
Q

What is the prestige cuvee of Drappier?

A

Charles de Gaulle

95
Q

What’s the blend in Drappier ‘Charles de Gaulle’?

A

80% Pinot Noir

20% Chardonnay

96
Q

What is the prestige cuvee of Gosset?

A

‘Celebris’

97
Q

What are the 2 prestige cuvees of Charles Heidsieck?

A

Champagne Charlie

Blanc des Millenaires

98
Q

When was the last vintage of Charles Heidsieck ‘Champagne Charlie’?

A

1985

99
Q

What are the 2 prestige cuvees of Henriot?

A

Cuvee des Enchanteleurs

Cuvee Hemera

100
Q

When was the last vintage of Henriot ‘Cuvee des Enchanteleurs’?

A

2000

101
Q

What is the blend in Henriot ‘Cuvee Hemera’?

A

50% Chardonnay

50% Pinot Noir

102
Q

What was the prestige cuvee of Jacquesson?

A

‘Grand Vin Signature’

103
Q

When was Jacquesson ‘Grand Vin Signature’ discontinued?

A

2002

104
Q

What are the 2 prestige cuvees of Laurent-Perrier?

A
Grand Siecle (typically NV)
Alexandra (Rose)
105
Q

What is the blend of Laurent-Perrier ‘Grand Siecle’?

A

50% Chardonnay

50% Pinot Noir

106
Q

What is the blend of Laurent-Perrier ‘Alexandra’ Rose?

A

80% Pinot Noir

20% Chardonnay

107
Q

What are the 3 prestige cuvees of Moet et Chandon?

A

Dom Pérignon Vintage/Rosé
Dom Pérignon P2 (Oenotèque) Vintage/Rosé
Dom Pérignon P3 Vintage

108
Q

What are the 2 grapes of Dom Perignon wines?

A

Chardonnay

Pinot Noir

109
Q

When was the first vintage of Dom Perignon?

A

1921

110
Q

What is the prestige cuvee of G. H. Mumm?

A

Cuvee R. Lalou

111
Q

What is the prestige cuvee of Bruno Paillard?

A

Nec-Plus-Ultra

112
Q

What are the 2 grapes of Bruno Paillard ‘Nec-Plus-Ultra’

A

Chardonnay

Pinot Noir

113
Q

What is prestige cuvee of Joseph Perrier?

A

Cuvee Josephine

114
Q

What are the 2 grapes of Joseph Perrier ‘Cuvee Josephine’?

A

Pinot Noir

Chardonnay

115
Q

What’s the prestige cuvee of Perrier-Jouet?

A

Belle Epoque

116
Q

What was Perrier-Jouet ‘Belle Epoque’ labeled in US before 2002?

A

Fleur de Champagne

117
Q

What’s the blend in Perrier-Jouet ‘Belle Epoque’?

A

50% Chardonnay
45% Pinot Noir
5% Meunier

118
Q

What is the prestige cuvee of Piper-Heidsieck?

A

Rare

119
Q

What are the two grapes of Piper-Heidsieck ‘Rare’?

A

Chardonnay

Pinot Noir

120
Q

What is the prestige cuvee of Ployez-Jacquemart?

A

Liesse d’Harbonville

121
Q

What is the blend of Ployez-Jacquemart ‘Liesse d’Harbonville’?

A

70% Chardonnay

30% Pinot Noir

122
Q

What is the prestige cuvee of Pol Roger?

A

Cuvee Sir Winston Churchill

123
Q

What are the 2 grapes of Pol Roger ‘Cuvee Sir Winston Churchill’?

A

Pinot Noir

Chardonnay

124
Q

What is the prestige cuvee of Pommery?

A

Cuvee Louise

125
Q

What is the blend of Pommery ‘Cuvee Louise’ Brut?

A

60% Chardonnay

40% Pinot Noir

126
Q

What is the prestige cuvee of Louis Roederer?

A

Cristal

127
Q

What is the blend of Louis Roederer ‘Cristal’?

A

55% Pinot Noir

45% Chardonnay

128
Q

When was Cristal first released commercially?

A

1945

129
Q

What is the prestige cuvee of Ruinart?

A

Dom Ruinart Blanc de Blancs

Dom Ruinart Rose

130
Q

What is the blend in Dom Ruinart Rose?

A

85% Chardonnay

15% Pinot Noir

131
Q

What are the 2 prestige cuvees of Taittinger?

A

Comtes de Champagne

Taittinger Collection

132
Q

What is the blend of Taittinger ‘Comtes de Champagne’ Rose?

A

70% Pinot Noir

30% Chardonnay

133
Q

What is the blend of Taittinger ‘Collection’?

A

50% Chardonnay

50% Pinot Noir

134
Q

What is the prestige cuvee of Veuve Clicquot-Ponsardin?

A

La Grande Dame

135
Q

What is the blend of Veuve Clicquot-Ponsardin ‘La Grande Dame’ Brut?

A

60-65% Pinot Noir

30-35% Chardonnay

136
Q

What are the 2 prestige cuvees of Henri Billiot?

A

Cuvee Laetitia

Cuvee Julie

137
Q

What’s the blend of Henri Billiot ‘Cuvee Laetitia’?

A

60% Pinot Noir

40% Chardonnay

138
Q

What’s the blend of Henri Billiot ‘Cuvee Julie’?

A

50% Pinot Noir

50% Chardonnay

139
Q

What’s the prestige cuvee of Chartogne-Taillet?

A

Fiacre

140
Q

What’s the blend in Chartogne-Taillet ‘Fiacre’?

A

60% Chardonnay

40% Pinot Noir

141
Q

What is the prestige cuvee of Guy Larmandier?

A

Cramant Grand Cru Cuvee Prestige

142
Q

What is the prestige cuvee of Jacques Selosse?

A

Substance

143
Q

Which village is Jacques Selosse ‘Substance’ from?

A

Avize

144
Q

What is the prestige cuvee of VIlmart & Cie?

A

Coeur de Cuvee

145
Q

What’s the blend in VIlmart & Cie ‘Coeur de Cuvee’?

A

80% Chardonnay

20% Pinot Noir

146
Q

What’s the prestige cuvee of Nicolas Feuillatte?

A

Palmes d’Or

147
Q

What’s the blend of Nicolas Feuillatte ‘Palmes d’Or’?

A

50% Pinot Noir

50% Chardonnay

148
Q

What is Agrapart’s single vineyard Champagne?

A

“Vénus” Brut Nature

149
Q

What is Billecart-Salmon’s single vineyard Champagne?

A

Clos St-Hilaire (100% Pinot Noir)

150
Q

What are the two 100% Meunier single vineyards of Chartogne-Taillet?

A

Les Barres

Les Alliees

151
Q

What is the 100% Pinot Noir single vineyard of Chartogne-Taillet?

A

Les Orizeaux

152
Q

What is unique about Chartogne-Taillet ‘Les Barres’?

A

made from ungrafted meunier vines in Merfy

153
Q

What is the single vineyard wine from Drappier?

A

Grande Sendree

154
Q

What is the blend in Drappier ‘Grande Sendree’?

A

55% Pinot Noir

45% Chardonnay

155
Q

What is the single vineyard wine from Egly-Ouriet?

A

Les Crayeres NV

156
Q

What is the grape of Egly-Ouriet ‘Les Crayeres’?

A

Pinot Noir

157
Q

What are Krug’s 2 single vineyard wines?

A

Clos du Mesnil

Clos d’Ambonnay

158
Q

When was the debut of Krug ‘Clos du Mesnil’?

A

1979

159
Q

When was the debut of Krug ‘Clos d’Ambonnay’?

A

1995

160
Q

What are 5 vintages that Krug released ‘Clos d’Ambonnay’?

A
1995
1996
1998
2000
2002
161
Q

What is the single-vineyard wine from Pierre Peters?

A

Cuvee Speciale les Chetillons

162
Q

What was the first vintage of les Chetillons to include the vineyard ‘les chetillons’ on the label?

A

2000

163
Q

What is the single vineyard wine from Philipponnat?

A

Clos des Goisses

164
Q

What’s the blend in Philipponnat ‘Clos de Goisses’?

A

70% Pinot Noir

30% Chardonnay

165
Q

When was Philipponnat ‘Clos de Goisses’ first released?

A

1935

166
Q

What is the single vineyard wine from Taittinger?

A

Les Folies de la Marquetterie NV

167
Q

What is the blend in Taittinger ‘Les Folies de la Marquetterie’ NV?

A

55% Chardonnay

45% Pinot Noir

168
Q

What are the 4 single vineyard wines from Tarlant?

A

La Vigne d’Or (Meunier)
La VIgne d’Antan (ungrafted Chardonnay)
La Vigne Royale (Pinot Noir)
Cuvee Louis (50/50 Pinot Noir + Chardonnay)

169
Q

What is a CM producer?

A

Cooperative Manipulant - co-op that produces under a single brand

170
Q

RC vs CM producers

A

RC is a single grower who vinifies at a co-op, but produces under their own label

171
Q

How many villages are in Champagne?

A

318

172
Q

How many grand cru villages are in Champagne?

A

17

173
Q

Why may wines from Cramant and Avize be richer?

A

more clay in the soil

174
Q

Which Cote de Blancs grand cru produces the creamiest wines?

A

Cramant

175
Q

Name 3 wines from Cramant

A

Larmandier-Bernier’s ‘Vieille Vignes du Lavant’
Jacques Selose’s ‘Chemin de Chalons’
Diebolt-Vallois Blanc de Blanc

176
Q

Name 2 wines from Avize

A

Agrapart ‘Venus’

Jacque Selosse ‘Initial’

177
Q

Name a wine from Oger

A

Jean Milan ‘Terres de Noel’

178
Q

When was Le Mesnils-sur-Oger promoted to grand cru status?

A

1985

179
Q

Name 3 iconic wines from Le Mesnil-Sur-Oger

A

Salon Blanc de Blancs
Krug ‘Clos de Mesnil’
Pierre Peters ‘Cuvee Speciale Les Chetillons’

180
Q

Where is Fred Savart located?

A

Ecueil

181
Q

Name 2 great wines from Aÿ

A

Bollinger Vieille Vignes Française

Gatinois Brut Réserve

182
Q

How far away is the Aube from Epernay

A

70 miles

183
Q

What % of Champagnes vineyards are located in the Aube?

A

20%

184
Q

What region does the Aube’s soils resemble?

A

Chablis - Kimmeridgian Marl and Portlandian Limestone

185
Q

Name 4 producers from the Aube

A

Marie Courtin
Pierre Gerbais
Dosnon & Lepage
Cedric Bouchard

186
Q

Who is the trademark producer from Cote de Sezanne?

A

Ulysse Collin

187
Q

What are the 2 signature wines from Ulysse Collin?

A
Les Perrieres (Chardonnay)
Maillon (Pinot Noir)