Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

(17) History 2 > Norman Life > Flashcards

Norman Life Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® U.S. History flashcards European History 101 flashcards AP® European History flashcards AP® World History flashcards World History 102 flashcards U.S. History 102 flashcards World History 101 flashcards U.S. History 101 flashcards
1
Q

What was the order of the Anglo-Saxon feudal system?

A
  1. King
  2. Earls
  3. Thegns
  4. Peasants - Ceorls (freemen)
  5. Peasants - villeins, cotters, borders (not free)
  6. Slaves
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How much of the land did the king own before the Normans?

A

most of it - more than the church

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How many earldoms were there by 1066 and who owned them?

A

6 - each owned by the king but controlled by earls who promised to support the king - earls gave land to their supporters (thegns)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How many Anglo-Saxon thegns were there?

A

4,000 +

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How much did thegns pay earls to live on their land?

A

100 shillings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What did thegns do?

A
  • looked after land for the earls
  • ran local courts
  • could be called upon for military for two months a year
  • granted land to ceorls
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What did ceorls do?

A
  • worked on thegn land for 2-3 days a week and pay taxes to them
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What rights did villeins, cotters and borders have?

A

had few rights and were the property of ceorls and thegns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What rights did slaves have?

A

had fewest rights - property of freemen and worked in return for shelter/food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How much of the land did the Norman king and church directly own?

A

William owned 20% (less than before)
church owned 25% (more than before)
- rest was shared between king’s supporters (200 Norman Barons and Bishops)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How many Norman barons and bishops was land shared between?

A

200

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What was the order of the Norman feudal system?

A 
King
Barons/Bishops (replaced Earls)
Knights (replaced Thegns)
Peasants (freeman)
Peasants (villeins, cotters, bordars)
Slaves
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What did Barons and Bishops do?

A
  • swore fealty and paid homage to William in return for land - promised money and service and granted land to their followers to maintain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What did Knights do?

A

promised to be loyal to their baron/bishop in return for land - served in army and granted some land to peasants who lived in their manor (town as the Lord of the Manor)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How were peasants (freemen and not free) different when the Normans took over?

A
  • had to obey the lord of their manor in return for land and give him crops and work days without pay - couldn’t leave land without permission (so not actually freemen) and considered too unimportant to swear fealty
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How many slaves were there in the Norman feudal system?

A

10% of population in 1086 - but rapidly declined as they were expensive and the church disapproved

17
Q

How did William change the existing feudal system?

A
  • Formality increased e.g. knights guaranteed certain number of days service
  • Establish power - Anglo Saxon Earls had become too powerful under Edward the Confessor and William didn’t want this so established power by giving smaller amounts to land to Barons (harder to challenge king’s position)
  • Unimportance and exploitation of peasants developed
  • Dumped Anglo-Saxons and replaced them with Normans
  • Authority over king’s tenants e.g. fees when they died, controlling marriage of tenant’s widows and redistributing lands when no male heir
  • L and holding more concentrated - 4,000 thegns held land in Anglo Saxon England - William only shared between 200 barons/bishops
18
Q

What was the order of castle development?

A 
Motte and Bailey castles
The Stone Keep
Curtain Wall Castle
Curtain Wall with round towers
The Concentric Castle
Castle Palace
19
Q

What were the features of the Stone Keep?

A
  • 5m thick walls
  • entrance reached by ramp protected by forebuilding
  • slit windows nobody could climb in arrows could be shot out
  • stone
  • square shaped
  • long time to build
20
Q

What were the features of the Curtain Wall Castle?

A
  • thick stone walls
  • space for military/animals
  • not on hill
  • square shaped
21
Q

What were the features of the Curtain Wall Castle with round towers?

A
  • round towers made stronger
  • crenellations and machicolations meant better defence
  • centre wall made of rough rocks/rubble easy to climb
22
Q

What were the features of the Concentric Castle?

A
  • walls built at different levels so archers could shoot down
  • two walls meant difficult to break in
  • hundreds of years to build
  • garrison soldiers needed housing and income
23
Q

What were the features of Castle Palaces?

A
  • made of brick so strong / hold heat
  • control established by now so défense was not a priority
  • glass windows
  • hand-made bricks took time
  • lots of entrances
24
Q

What were the features of the Motte and Bailey Castles?

A
  • built on hill (hard to reach and shows power)
  • 2 weeks to build
  • moat, palisade and bailey before castle is reached
  • wooden walls flammable/rots
  • relies on bridge to get to - one entrance
25
Q

What were the three aspects of governance that William changed?

A
  1. military service
  2. national government
  3. local government
26
Q

How did military service change under William?

A
  • reliable supply of soldiers achieved through the feudal system - in return for land each tenant-in-chief offered loyalty and a certain number of knights
  • knights were different to thegns in saxon england as they had to make an oath, it was a “religious duty” to provide military service
  • knights also had to serve for at least 40 days (unlike thegns before)
  • 1100 william could call on 5,000 knights obliged to provide service
27
Q

How did national government change under William?

A
  • in anglo-saxon times: decision-making involved the Witan (council of nobles)
  • in norman times: kings continued to take advice from the Great Council as well as his household, knights and the Chancery (royal clerks)
  • in anglo-saxon times: main instrument of government was to issue an order in writing (writ) which gave notices and orders to be sent around country
  • in norman times: far more writs issued and William had much more power over earldoms
28
Q

How did local government change under William?

A
  • in anglo-saxon times: england split into 134 shires, with shire-reeves in charge, each having a capital where justice and tax payments were organised - shires then split into wapentakes
  • in norman times: kept the system, sheriff made annual payments to the king, collected taxes and controlled shire courts - slowly replaced the english sheriffs with normans as loyalty was vital for control
  • new roles like castellans created (looked after castles and forests)

(17) History 2 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions