Normal Swallowing Flashcards
how long is the oral phase
0.3 - 1 second
what is the pupose of the pharyngeal phase
Transport bolus through pharynx with nasal and laryngeal airways protected
what is a dipper swallow
At onset bolus is beneath anterior tongue and tongue tip scoops the bolus to supralingual position.
what nerve innervates the parotid gland
C9 - glossopharyngeal
what the 5 branches of the facial nerve
- Temporal
- Zygomatic
- Buccal
- Mandibular
- Cervical
name the 5 phases of normal swallowing
- anticipatory phase
- oral prepatory phase
- oral phase
- pharyngeal phase
- oesophageal phase
what is aspiration
when food, liquid, or other material enters a person’s airway and eventually the lungs by accident
what is needed for the oral preparatory phase
- Saliva, patent nasal airway, dentition, cognition
- Coordination of lip closure, buccal tone, jaw elevation/depression & rotary/lateral movement, tongue rotary & lateral movement, anterior bulging of soft palate
what nerve innervates the submandibular gland
C7 - facial nerve
what is the function of the glossopharyngeal nerve for swallowing
Elevation of larynx and pharynx via stylopharyngeus
Taste/sensation posterior ⅓ of tongue
Sensation of soft palate, upper pharynx and tonsils
Sensory portion of pharyngeal gag
Salivation (parotid gland)
how long is the pharyneal phase
0.5 - 1.5 seconds
what is the purpose of the oral preparatory phase
postioning of bolus and mastication of food
what is aspiration pneumonia
inflammation and infection of the lungs or large airways.
what is the purpose of the oral phase
Clear bolus from oral cavity and stimulate initiation of the pharyngeal swallow
what are the three branches of the trigeminal nerve
ophthalmic (sensory)
maxillary (sensory)
mandibular ( sensory and motor)
what is needed for the oral phase
coordinated tongue movement
velopharyngeal closure
what is a tipper swallow
Begins with the tongue tip pressed against the upper incisors and alveolar ridge
what is silent aspiration
when you accidentally inhale food, liquid or other material into your trachea (windpipe or airway) and you don’t know it.
describe the movement of the epiglottis
super hyoid muscles contract and pull larynx forward and upwards causes upper esophageal sphincter to widen and epiglottis to close
what is a fluroscopy
x ray to examine swallowing - can use to see liquid going down trachea- to diagnose silent aspiration
what is the anticipatory phase
- the food is checked (look, smell, temperature, consistency) for suitability
- Food is recognised and transferred to the mouth
- “Pre-oral sensorimotor cues” can increase saliva production and activates motor nuclei involved in digestion
what is swallow apnoea
respiration ceases during swallowing
what is the function of the facial nerve for swallowing
Taste
Salivation (submandibular and sublingual glands)
Mandibular depression
Hyoid elevation
what is the function of the trigeminal nerve for swallowing
– muscles of mastication and tensor veli palatini muscle
- Upward/anterior movement of larynx
- Backward movement of tongue to soft palate
- Palatal elevation (tenses soft palate)
- Posterior pharyngeal wall constriction
